Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29238164›Full record

ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2017

A novel transdermal nanoethosomal gel of betahistine dihydrochloride for weight gain control: in-vitro and in-vivo characterization.

Shahira F El-Menshawe, Adel Ahmed Ali, Abdelkhalk Ali Halawa, Ahmed Sg Srag El-Din

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 30% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Shahira F El-MenshaweDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef.
Adel Ahmed AliDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef.
Abdelkhalk Ali HalawaDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
Ahmed Sg Srag El-DinDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
Nahda University · EG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBetahistine dihydrochloride (BDH) is a histamine analog used to control weight gain, with short elimination half-life and gastric irritation as side effects.

objectiveThe aim of the current investigation is to formulate and optimize a topical BDH ethosomal gel for weight gain control. MATERIALS AND

methodsBox-Behnken design was applied to study the effect of independent variables: phosphatidylcholine (PC), propylene glycol (PG), and ethanol on vesicle size; entrapment efficiency; % drug release; and flux. The morphology and zeta potential of the optimized formulation were evaluated. The % drug release, flux, and pharmacodynamics of the optimized formulation gel were studied.

resultsThe size and entrapment efficiency percent had a direct positive relationship with the concentration of PC and negative relationship with ethanol and PG. The % drug release and flux decreased with increasing PC and PG, while ethanol enhanced both responses. Regression modeling indicated a good correlation between dependent and independent variables, where F16 was chosen as the optimized formulation. F16 showed well-defined spherical vesicles and zeta potential of -24 mV, and % release from the gel exceeded 99.5% over 16 h with the flux of 0.28 mg/cm

conclusionResults obtained showed a significant, sustained transdermal absorption of BDH ethosomal gel and, consequently, a decrease in food intake and weight gain.

Indexed as

Adipose TissueAdministration, OralAnimalsBetahistineEatingFemaleGelsInflammationNanostructuresParticle SizeRatsSurface PropertiesWeight GainBetahistineGelsBox–Behnken designneural histamineobesitypharmacodynamicsregression modeling

Identifiers

PMID29238164
PMCPMC5713695
OpenAlexW2770079998

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.