ArticleNature communications2017
Balancing mcr-1 expression and bacterial survival is a delicate equilibrium between essential cellular defence mechanisms.
Article in Nature communications, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 122 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
122 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 206 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fitness costs of mobilised colistin resistance gene 3 (mcr-3): systematic review, epidemiological study, and functional analysis.EBioMedicine · 2025Pooled it
- Predicting resistance evolution to guide antibiotic development.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
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- Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase ControlsBiology · 2026Article
- Reduced efficacy of food-chain biocides and preservatives against ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Sorbose metabolism promotes fitness and virulence inmSphere · 2026Article
- Integrative analysis of fitness and metabolic effects of a large multidrug-resistant plasmid inMicrobial genomics · 2026Article
- PhoP-regulated VirK acts as an accessory factor to maintain virulence in polymyxin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Overexpression of Escherichia coli yaiX Confers Multidrug Resistance and Enhances Virulence in the Silkworm Infection Model.Microbiology and immunology · 2026Article
- A novel ABC family protein participates in the regulation of fitness cost caused byFundamental research · 2026Article
- Article
- Balanced Expression of the Diiron Oxygenase BioE Is Essential for Biotin Homeostasis in Elizabethkingia meningoseptica.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Host-dependent effects ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Induction of colistin resistance and environmental toxicity assessment in Escherichia coli.PloS one · 2026Article
- Persistence of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli and the mcr-1 gene in the poultry chain, after the colistin ban.Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Tracking Global Transmission Dynamics of the Plasmid-MediatedMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Genetic and virulence analysis of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in farm animals in Shandong province, China: implications for human health.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- A lignan compound regulates LPS modifications via PmrA/B signaling cascades to potentiate colistin efficacy in vivo.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Colistin resistance plasmids dually enhance bacterial virulence and antibiotic resistance via surface polysaccharide biosynthesis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Polymyxin B lethality requires energy-dependent outer membrane disruption.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
62 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
MCR-1 is a lipid A modifying enzyme that confers resistance to the antibiotic colistin. Here, we analyse the impact of MCR-1 expression on E. coli morphology, fitness, competitiveness, immune stimulation and virulence. Increased expression of mcr-1 results in decreased growth rate, cell viability, competitive ability and significant degradation in cell membrane and cytoplasmic structures, compared to expression of catalytically inactive MCR-1 (E246A) or MCR-1 soluble component. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) extracted from mcr-1 strains induces lower production of IL-6 and TNF, when compared to control LPS. Compared to their parent strains, high-level colistin resistance mutants (HLCRMs) show reduced fitness (relative fitness is 0.41-0.78) and highly attenuated virulence in a Galleria mellonella infection model. Furthermore, HLCRMs are more susceptible to most antibiotics than their respective parent strains. Our results show that the bacterium is challenged to find a delicate equilibrium between expression of MCR-1-mediated colistin resistance and minimalizing toxicity and thus ensuring cell survival.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.