ArticleFrontiers in neurology2017
External Validity of Randomized Controlled Trials on Alzheimer's Disease: The Biases of Frailty and Biological Aging.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Characteristics of eligible patients with knee osteoarthritis accepting versus declining participation in a randomised trial investigating the effect of weight loss versus knee arthroplasty to explore generalisability: A cross-sectional study.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2025Trial
- Biomarkers and phenotypic expression in Alzheimer's disease: exploring the contribution of frailty in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative.GeroScience · 2021Article
- Genetic predisposition and modifiable risks for late-life dementia.Nature medicine · 2019Article
- Investigation of frailty as a moderator of the relationship between neuropathology and dementia in Alzheimer's disease: a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Rush Memory and Aging Project.The Lancet. Neurology · 2019Article
- Age-Related Whole-Brain Structural Changes in Relation to Cardiovascular Risks Across the Adult Age Spectrum.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2019Article
- The Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-2 (TREM-2) as Expression of the Relationship between Microglia and Alzheimer's Disease: A Novel Marker for a Promising Pathway to Explore.The Journal of frailty & aging · 2019Review
- Baseline assessment of physical frailty in neurological drug development.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To date, the external validity of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been assessed only considering monodimensional variables. Nevertheless, looking at isolated and single characteristics cannot guarantee a sufficient level of appreciation of the AD patients' complexity. The only way to understand whether the two worlds (i.e., research and clinics) deal with the same type of patients is to adopt multidimensional approaches more holistically reflecting the biological age of the individual. In the present study, we compared measures of frailty/biological aging [assessed by a Frailty Index (FI)] of a sample of patients with AD resulted eligible and subsequently included in phase III RCTs compared to patients referring to the same clinical service, but not considered for inclusion. The "RCT sample" and the "real world sample" were found to be statistically similar for all the considered sociodemographic and clinical variables. Nevertheless, the "real world sample" was found to be significantly frailer compared to the "RCT sample," as indicated by higher FI scores [0.28 (SD 0.1) vs. 0.17 (SD 0.1);
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.