ArticleFrontiers in zoology2017
Speed dependent phase shifts and gait changes in cockroaches running on substrates of different slipperiness.
Article in Frontiers in zoology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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19 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Kinematics and directionality of body turning in water striders (Gerris argentatus) on the water surface.Insect science · 2026Article
- Arc-heating actuated active-morphing insect robots.Nature communications · 2025Article
- A wireless controlled robotic insect with ultrafast untethered running speeds.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Tiny amphibious insects use tripod gait for seamless transition across land, water, and duckweed.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Dynamic similarity and the peculiar allometry of maximum running speed.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Article
- Automated, non-invasive Varroa mite detection by vibrational measurements of gait combined with machine learning.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Adaptive Interlimb Coordination Mechanism for Hexapod Locomotion Based on Active Load Sensing.Frontiers in neurorobotics · 2022Article
- Universal Features in Panarthropod Inter-Limb Coordination during Forward Walking.Integrative and comparative biology · 2021Review
- Motorized Treadmill and Optical Recording System for Gait Analysis of Grasshoppers.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Tardigrades exhibit robust interlimb coordination across walking speeds and terrains.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- The Smooth Transition From Many-Legged to Bipedal Locomotion-Gradual Leg Force Reduction and its Impact on Total Ground Reaction Forces, Body Dynamics and Gait Transitions.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Article
- From Motor-Output to Connectivity: An In-Depth Study ofFrontiers in insect science · 2021Article
- Decentralized control of insect walking: A simple neural network explains a wide range of behavioral and neurophysiological results.PLoS computational biology · 2020Article
- Uneven substrates constrain walking speed in ants through modulation of stride frequency more than stride length.Royal Society open science · 2020Article
- Integrative Biomimetics of Autonomous Hexapedal Locomotion.Frontiers in neurorobotics · 2019Article
- Kinematics of malePeerJ · 2019Article
- Leg force interference in polypedal locomotion.Science advances · 2018Article
- Honeybees Prefer to Steer on a Smooth Wall With Tetrapod Gaits.Journal of insect science (Online) · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMany legged animals change gaits when increasing speed. In insects, only one gait change has been documented so far, from slow walking to fast running, which is characterised by an alternating tripod. Studies on some fast-running insects suggested a further gait change at higher running speeds. Apart from speed, insect gaits and leg co-ordination have been shown to be influenced by substrate properties, but the detailed effects of speed and substrate on gait changes are still unclear. Here we investigate high-speed locomotion and gait changes of the cockroach
resultsAnalyses of leg co-ordination and body oscillations for straight and steady escape runs revealed that at high speeds, blaberid cockroaches changed from an alternating tripod to a rather metachronal gait, which to our knowledge, has not been described before for terrestrial arthropods. Despite low duty factors, this new gait is characterised by low vertical amplitudes of the centre of mass (COM), low vertical accelerations and presumably reduced total vertical peak forces. However, lateral amplitudes and accelerations were higher in the faster gait with reduced leg synchronisation than in the tripod gait with distinct leg synchronisation.
conclusionsTemporally distributed leg force application as resulting from metachronal leg coordination at high running speeds may be particularly useful in animals with limited capabilities for elastic energy storage within the legs, as energy efficiency can be increased without the need for elasticity in the legs. It may also facilitate locomotion on slippery surfaces, which usually reduce leg force transmission to the ground. Moreover, increased temporal overlap of the stance phases of the legs likely improves locomotion control, which might result in a higher dynamic stability.
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