ReviewTranslational psychiatry2017
Huntingtin gene repeat size variations affect risk of lifetime depression.
Review in Translational psychiatry, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Trinucleotide Repeats in the Huntington's Gene on Intelligence.EBioMedicine · 2018Trial
- Lifetime risk of cancer in carriers of intermediate alleles in the HTT gene.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Genetic Profiling of Huntington's Disease: Insights from CAG Repeat Analysis for Precision Diagnosis and Management.Noro psikiyatri arsivi · 2026Article
- Short CAG repeat variation as a regulatory factor in health and disease.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Review
- Data mining revealed no other trinucleotide repeat expansion associated with the Huntington's disease biomarker (CAG).Clinical parkinsonism & related disorders · 2026Article
- Huntingtin CAG repeat size variations below the Huntington's disease threshold: associations with depression, anxiety and basal ganglia structure.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2025Article
- Harnessing Nature's Bounty: The Neuroprotective Potential of Phytoconstituents and Nanotechnology in Neurodegenerative Disease Therapeutics.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2025Review
- Article
- The pathobiology of depression in Huntington's disease: an unresolved puzzle.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2024Review
- Small striatal huntingtin inclusions in patients with motor neuron disease with reduced penetrance and intermediate HTT gene expansions.Human molecular genetics · 2024Article
- Mutant Huntingtin Drives Development of an Advantageous Brain Early in Life: Evidence in Support of Antagonistic Pleiotropy.Annals of neurology · 2024Article
- Expanding horizons of tandem repeats in biology and medicine: Why 'genomic dark matter' matters.Emerging topics in life sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Normal range CAG repeat size variations in the HTT gene are associated with an adverse lipoprotein profile partially mediated by body mass index.Human molecular genetics · 2023Article
- The Molecular Basis of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 7.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Revisiting tandem repeats in psychiatric disorders from perspectives of genetics, physiology, and brain evolution.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Review
- Biological, Psychological, and Social Determinants of Depression: A Review of Recent Literature.Brain sciences · 2021Review
- Therapeutic Potential of Natural Products in Treating Neurodegenerative Disorders and Their Future Prospects and Challenges.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Immune dysregulation in depression: Evidence from genome-wide association.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2020Article
- High frequency of intermediary alleles in the HTT gene in Northern Sweden - The Swedish Huntingtin Alleles and Phenotype (SHAPE) study.Scientific reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD) is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder caused by a cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) repeat expansion in the HTT gene. Although HD is frequently complicated by depression, it is still unknown to what extent common HTT CAG repeat size variations in the normal range could affect depression risk in the general population. Using binary logistic regression, we assessed the association between HTT CAG repeat size and depression risk in two well-characterized Dutch cohorts─the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety and the Netherlands Study of Depression in Older Persons─including 2165 depressed and 1058 non-depressed persons. In both cohorts, separately as well as combined, there was a significant non-linear association between the risk of lifetime depression and HTT CAG repeat size in which both relatively short and relatively large alleles were associated with an increased risk of depression (β = -0.292 and β = 0.006 for the linear and the quadratic term, respectively; both P < 0.01 after adjustment for the effects of sex, age, and education level). The odds of lifetime depression were lowest in persons with a HTT CAG repeat size of 21 (odds ratio: 0.71, 95% confidence interval: 0.52 to 0.98) compared to the average odds in the total cohort. In conclusion, lifetime depression risk was higher with both relatively short and relatively large HTT CAG repeat sizes in the normal range. Our study provides important proof-of-principle that repeat polymorphisms can act as hitherto unappreciated but complex genetic modifiers of depression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.