ArticleWater research2018
Spatial and temporal dynamics of pathogenic Leptospira in surface waters from the urban slum environment.
Article in Water research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Longitudinal Survey of Pathogenic Leptospira Species at a Major Park in Sydney, Australia.EcoHealth · 2026Article
- Environmental Detection of PathogenicPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Social marginalisation, environmental degradation and Toxoplasma gondii exposure in urban informal settlements in Brazil.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Detection of pathogenic leptospires in water bodies in neighborhoods vulnerable to flooding, through a participatory research approach in Santa Fe (Argentina).PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Leptospira licerasiae, a zoonotic pathogen isolated from water sources in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025Article
- Policy Options for Prevention of Leptospirosis Epidemics: A Scoping Review.Iranian journal of public health · 2025Review
- Leptospirosis seroprevalence and exposure factors in three informal settlements of French Guiana: An opportunistic survey.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- DNA metabarcoding analysis revealed a silent prevalence of environmental pathogenicOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Changing epidemiology of leptospirosis in China from 1955 to 2022.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2025Article
- Vulnerability characteristics and adaptation strategies of public health systems in different regions of China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- The Relationship Between the Spatial Occurrence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Surveillance of Emerging Rodent-Borne Pathogens in Wastewater in Taiwan: A One Health Approach.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Detection of Leptospira kirschneri in a short-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus delphis delphis) stranded off the coast of southern California, USA.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Are PathogenicTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Factors associated with differential seropositivity to Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira kirschneri in a high transmission urban setting for leptospirosis in Brazil.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Pathogenic Leptospira contamination in the environment: a systematic review.Infection ecology & epidemiology · 2024Review
- Disentangling the influence of reservoir abundance and pathogen shedding on zoonotic spillover of theFrontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Leptospirosis and the Environment: A Review and Future Directions.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Leptospirosis has emerged as an important urban health problem as slum settlements have expanded worldwide. Yet the dynamics of the environmentally transmitted Leptospira pathogen has not been well characterized in these settings. We used a stratified dense sampling scheme to study the dynamics of Leptospira abundance in surface waters from a Brazilian urban slum community. We collected surface water samples during the dry, intermediate and rainy seasons within a seven-month period and quantified pathogenic Leptospira by quantitative PCR (qPCR). We used logistic and linear mixed models to identify factors that explained variation for the presence and concentration of Leptospira DNA. Among 335 sewage and 250 standing water samples, Leptospira DNA were detected in 36% and 34%, respectively. Among the 236 samples with positive results geometric mean Leptospira concentrations were 152 GEq/mL. The probability of finding Leptospira DNA was higher in sewage samples collected during the rainy season when increased leptospirosis incidence occurred, than during the dry season (47.2% vs 12.5%, respectively, p = 0.0002). There was a marked spatial and temporal heterogeneity in Leptospira DNA distribution, for which type of water, elevation, and time of day that samples were collected, in addition to season, were significant predictors. Together, these findings indicate that Leptospira are ubiquitous in the slum environment and that the water-related risk to which inhabitants are exposed is low. Seasonal increases in Leptospira presence may explain the timing of leptospirosis outbreaks. Effective prevention will need to consider the spatial and temporal dynamics of pathogenic Leptospira in surface waters to reduce the burden of the disease.
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