Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29220532›Full record

ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2019

Exploring the Predictive Validity of the Susceptibility to Smoking Construct for Tobacco Cigarettes, Alternative Tobacco Products, and E-Cigarettes.

Adam G Cole, Ryan David Kennedy, Ashok Chaurasia, Scott T Leatherdale

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Understanding Potential Mechanisms of Vaping Prevention Messages: A Mediation Analysis of the Real Cost Campaign Advertisements.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2025
    Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Effects of a Reduced Risk Claim on Adolescents' Smokeless Tobacco Perceptions and Willingness to Use.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2023
    Trial
  7. Exploring Young Adults' Beliefs About Cigar Smoking by Susceptibility: A Belief Elicitation Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023
    Trial
  8. Willingness to Use Commercial Nicotine Gums, Lozenges, and Gummies Among Nontobacco Using Adolescents in Southern California.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2023
    Trial
  9. Factors Associated With Victorian Adolescents' Harm Perceptions and Attitudes About e-Cigarettes.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Likelihood of Purchasing E-cigarettes Among Adolescents and Young Adults Exposed to E-cigarette Retail Marketing Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional Survey.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Measuring susceptibility to use tobacco in an increasingly complex consumer marketplace: How many questions do we really need?Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Noncigarette Tobacco Product Use Among Smoking-Susceptible and Nonsusceptible Adolescent Never Smokers, 2009-2021.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Adam G ColeSchool of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
Ryan David KennedyInstitute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
Ashok ChaurasiaSchool of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
Scott T LeatherdaleSchool of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
University of Waterloo · CAJohns Hopkins University · US

Funding

CIHR MOP-114875
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionWithin tobacco prevention programming, it is useful to identify youth that are at risk for experimenting with various tobacco products and e-cigarettes. The susceptibility to smoking construct is a simple method to identify never-smoking students that are less committed to remaining smoke-free. However, the predictive validity of this construct has not been tested within the Canadian context or for the use of other tobacco products and e-cigarettes.

methodsThis study used a large, longitudinal sample of secondary school students that reported never using tobacco cigarettes and noncurrent use of alternative tobacco products or e-cigarettes at baseline in Ontario, Canada. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the susceptibility construct for predicting tobacco cigarette, e-cigarette, cigarillo or little cigar, cigar, hookah, and smokeless tobacco use 1 and 2 years after baseline measurement were calculated.

resultsAt baseline, 29.4% of the sample was susceptible to future tobacco product or e-cigarette use. The sensitivity of the construct ranged from 43.2% (smokeless tobacco) to 59.5% (tobacco cigarettes), the specificity ranged from 70.9% (smokeless tobacco) to 75.9% (tobacco cigarettes), and the positive predictive value ranged from 2.6% (smokeless tobacco) to 32.2% (tobacco cigarettes). Similar values were calculated for each measure of the susceptibility construct.

conclusionsA significant number of youth that did not currently use tobacco products or e-cigarettes at baseline reported using tobacco products and e-cigarettes over a 2-year follow-up period. The predictive validity of the susceptibility construct was high and the construct can be used to predict other tobacco product and e-cigarette use among youth. IMPLICATIONS: This study presents the predictive validity of the susceptibility construct for the use of tobacco cigarettes among secondary school students in Ontario, Canada. It also presents a novel use of the susceptibility construct for predicting the use of e-cigarettes, cigarillos or little cigars, cigars, hookah, and smokeless tobacco among secondary school students in Ontario, Canada.

Indexed as

Disease SusceptibilityAdolescentElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleOntarioProspective StudiesSelf ReportSmokingSmoking Water PipesStudentsSurveys and QuestionnairesTobacco ProductsTobacco, Smokeless

Identifiers

PMID29220532
PMCPMC6379029
OpenAlexW2773195509

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.