ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2018
Maternal Thyroid Function in Early Pregnancy and Neuropsychological Performance of the Child at 5 Years of Age.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Need for Dynamic Clinical Guidelines: A Systematic Review of New Research Published After Release of the 2017 ATA Guidelines on Thyroid Disease During Pregnancy and the Postpartum.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Pooled it
- Maternal thyroid function in the first half of pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes in early adolescence in the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development (ABCD) cohort.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Article
- Key Messages of the Iodine Deficiency Working Group (AKJ): Maternal Hypothyroxinemia Due to Iodine Deficiency and Endocrine Disruptors as Risks for Child Neurocognitive Development.Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde · 2025Article
- How the public's knowledge, attitudes, and practice intersect with scientific evidence about fluoride.Current problems in pediatric and adolescent health care · 2025Article
- Thyroid Hormones in Early Pregnancy and Birth Weight: A Retrospective Study.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Maternal hypothyroidism and the risk of preeclampsia: a Danish national and regional study.Maternal health, neonatology and perinatology · 2024Article
- Thyroid autoimmunity in euthyroid pregnant women is associated with slower productive language acquisition: the Odense child cohort study.European thyroid journal · 2024Article
- Defining Trimester-Specific Reference Intervals for Thyroid Hormones: Insights from a Bulgarian Monocenter Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- TSH and FT4 Reference Interval Recommendations and Prevalence of Gestational Thyroid Dysfunction: Quantification of Current Diagnostic Approaches.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Fluoride exposure and thyroid hormone levels in pregnancy: The MIREC cohort.Environment international · 2024Article
- Iodine Deficiency, Maternal Hypothyroxinemia and Endocrine Disrupters Affecting Fetal Brain Development: A Scoping Review.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Fluoride exposure and hypothyroidism in a Canadian pregnancy cohort.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Association of Maternal Mild Hypothyroidism With Offspring Neurodevelopment in TPOAb-Negative Women: A Prospective Cohort Study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- The association between COVID-19 pandemic and maternal isolated hypothyroxinemia in first and second trimesters.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2021Article
- Hyperthyroidism in pregnancy: evidence and hypothesis in fetal programming and development.Endocrine connections · 2021Review
- Sex-specific neurotoxic effects of early-life exposure to fluoride: A review of the epidemiologic and animal literature.Current epidemiology reports · 2020Article
- Prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and behavioral difficulties in childhood at 7 and 11 years.Environmental research · 2020Article
- Turning to Thyroid Disease in Pregnant Women.European thyroid journal · 2020Review
- Article
- [Thyroid disease in pregnancy : Review of current literature and guidelines].Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Context: Abnormal maternal thyroid function in pregnancy may impair fetal brain development, but more evidence is needed to refine and corroborate the hypothesis. Objective: To estimate the association between maternal thyroid function in early pregnancy and neuropsychological performance of the child at 5 years of age. Design: Follow-up study. Participants: A cohort of 1153 women and their children sampled from the Danish National Birth Cohort. Maternal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (fT4) were measured in stored biobank sera from early pregnancy. Main outcomes measures: Child neuropsychological test results (Wechsler Intelligence Scale/Test of Everyday Attention), test of motor function (Movement Assessment Battery), and results of parent and teacher reports (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function/Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire). Results: Altogether 145 children (12.6%) were born to mothers with abnormal thyroid function in the early pregnancy. High maternal TSH and low fT4 were associated with lower child verbal intelligence quotient (adjusted mean difference TSH ≥ 10 mIU/L vs 0.1 to 2.49 mIU/L, -8.9 [95% confidence interval (CI), -15 to -2.4]; fT4 < 10 pmol/l vs 12.0 to 18.99 pmol/l, -13 [95% CI, -19 to -7.3]). Abnormal maternal thyroid function was also associated with adverse motor function and teacher-reported problems of executive function and behavior, and these associations were dominated by exposure to maternal hypothyroxinemia. Conclusions: Maternal thyroid hormone abnormalities were associated with adverse neuropsychological function of the child at 5 years of age. For intelligence, marked hypothyroidism was important, whereas for motor function and executive and behavior problems, maternal hypothyroxinemia was predominant.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.