ArticleJournal of the International AIDS Society2017
"My mother told me that I should not": a qualitative study exploring the restrictions placed on adolescent girls living with HIV in Zambia.
Article in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Impact of HIV-Related Stigma on Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence, Engagement and Retention in HIV Care, and Transition to Adult HIV Care in Pediatric and Young Adult Populations Living With HIV: A Literature Review.AIDS and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Health-related needs reported by adolescents living with HIV and receiving antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic literature review.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Pooled it
- Psychosocial interventions for improving engagement in care and health and behavioural outcomes for adolescents and young people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Pooled it
- Informing the measurement of wellbeing among young people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa for policy evaluations: a mixed-methods systematic review.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2020Pooled it
- Risk factors for HIV virological non-suppression among adolescents with common mental disorder symptoms in Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Trial
- Comparison of sexual risk behaviors among Zambian adolescent girls and young women living with and without HIV.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- Measuring Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Stigma Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Western Kenya: Scale Development, Validation, and Associations with PrEP Adherence.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2025Article
- Youth Care Stories: A Scoping Review Into What, Why and How Narrative Approaches Understand and Improve Quality of Care for Young People.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025Article
- "I can't fail. And my son can't fail.": Caregiver perspectives on supporting youth to self-manage their HIV in Ndola, Zambia.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- "I live with pain, it cannot go away": Lived experiences of childhood and adolescent pulmonary tuberculosis survivors - a qualitative study.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- The development of a conceptual framework on PrEP stigma among adolescent girls and young women in sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Review
- Enhancing a peer supporter intervention for young mothers living with HIV in Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia: Adaptation and co-development of a psychosocial component.Global public health · 2023Article
- Health worker perceptions of stigma towards Zambian adolescent girls and young women: a qualitative study.BMC health services research · 2022Article
- "We Should Be Taught Self-Respect, Self-Confidence and Self-Love": Youth Perspectives of Adult Influences on Their Sexuality and Relationships Among South African Adolescents Living With HIV.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2022Article
- Testing for saturation in qualitative evidence syntheses: An update of HIV adherence in Africa.PloS one · 2021Article
- Adolescent mothers affected by HIV and their children: A scoping review of evidence and experiences from sub-Saharan Africa.Global public health · 2020Article
- Association between HIV stigma and antiretroviral therapy adherence among adults living with HIV: baseline findings from the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial in Zambia and South Africa.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2020Article
- Is HIV index testing and partner notification safe for adolescent girls and young women in low- and middle-income countries?Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Article
- Reproductive aspirations, contraception use and dual protection among adolescent girls and young women: the effect of motherhood and HIV status.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Article
- "We give them threatening advice…": expectations of adherence to antiretroviral therapy and their consequences among adolescents living with HIV in rural Malawi.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAdolescent girls in sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionately affected by HIV due to a range of social and structural factors. As they transition to adulthood, they are recipients of increasing blame for HIV infection and 'improper' sex, as well as increasing scrutiny, restrictions and surveillance. This study used a qualitative and participatory approach to explore the messaging and restrictions imposed on adolescent girls living with HIV in Zambia.
methodsThirty-four in-depth interviews and four participatory workshops were carried out with 24 adolescent girls aged 15 to 19 years old living with HIV in Lusaka, Zambia. Key themes explored included experiences living with HIV, finding out about HIV status, disclosure, experiences with antiretroviral treatment, and support needs. Data were organized, coded and analysed using a grounded theory approach to thematic analysis. This analysis uses data on participants' experiences of living with HIV and their interactions with their parents, guardians and healthcare providers.
resultsFamily and healthcare providers, partly in a quest to protect both the health of adolescent girls living with HIV and also to protect them from blaming discourse, imposed restrictions on their behaviour around three main topics: don't disclose your HIV status, don't have sex, and don't miss your medicines. These restrictions were often delivered using tactics of fear, and usually disconnected from other options. Participants responded to these messages in several ways, including internalizing the messages, changing their behaviour either to comply with or resist the restrictions, by remaining silent and anxious when restrictions were broken, and developing concerns around their own health and sexual and reproductive aspirations. Participants also sometimes experiencing stigma when restrictions could not be maintained.
conclusionsRestrictive messages were delivered to adolescent girls living with HIV through the broader social discourses of stigma, religion, and global and local narratives about HIV. Programmes aiming to support adolescent girls living with HIV need to work together with parents and healthcare providers to reflect on the impact of sanctioning messages, and to encourage more enabling and empowering messaging for adolescent girls living with HIV.
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