ArticlePloS one2017
Migraine and risk of narcolepsy in children: A nationwide longitudinal study.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Prevalence of Restless Legs Syndrome in Patients with Migraine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pain research & management · 2020Pooled it
- Acupuncture modulates migraine-related neural and neuroendocrine regulatory pathways.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Review
- Narcolepsy: Beyond the Classic Pentad.CNS drugs · 2025Review
- Prevalence and characteristics of rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder in adults with migraine: a cross-sectional screening study.European journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Orexins and primary headaches: an overview of the neurobiology and clinical impact.Expert review of neurotherapeutics · 2024Review
- Comorbidities of Rural Children and Adolescents with Migraine and without Migraine.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Diagnosis and management of sleep disorders in Prader-Willi syndrome.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022Review
- Headache in Children and Adolescents.Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) · 2021Review
- Migraine and Sleep-An Unexplained Association?International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- The Association between Migraine and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe association between migraine and narcolepsy remains controversial. We aim to investigate whether migraine is associated with an increased risk of developing narcolepsy in children.
methodsIn this longitudinal study, nationwide medical-claims data of pediatric patients (0-17y) with migraine are identified using the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) between 1997 and 2010 in Taiwan. Two cohorts are selected: migraine cases (n = 8,923) and propensity score-matched non-migraine controls (n = 35,692). Children with previous history of narcolepsy or headache before the index date are excluded. Cohorts are followed until the end of 2012, their withdrawal from the NHI program, or incidence of narcolepsy (ICD-9-CM: 347). Cox proportional hazards regression models are used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals of developing narcolepsy in children with migraine compared to their non-migraine controls.
resultsA total of 13 incident cases with narcolepsy are observed during follow-up, with incidence rates of 0.1915 and 0.0278 per 1,000 person-years in migraine and non-migraine children, respectively. After a mean follow-up period of 4.68 and 5.04 years in the case and control cohort, respectively, the former exhibited a greater risk of developing narcolepsy compared to the latter (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 5.30, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.61, 17.4; p = 0.006). This finding persisted after controlling for potential confounders like baseline comorbidities and concurrent medication uptake, and in our analyses with migraine subtypes.
conclusionsMigraine is an independent risk factor for narcolepsy development in children. Further studies are needed to validate our findings and to explore the exact pathophysiological mechanisms linking migraine and narcolepsy.
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