ArticlePharmacoEconomics2018
Using Real-World Data in Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Practice: A Comparative Study of Five HTA Agencies.
Article in PharmacoEconomics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Real-world data: a comprehensive literature review on the barriers, challenges, and opportunities associated with their inclusion in the health technology assessment process.Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques · 2024Pooled it
- Real-world efficacy of treatment with benralizumab, dupilumab, mepolizumab and reslizumab for severe asthma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Cost-Effectiveness of Direct Non-Vitamin K Oral Anticoagulants Versus Vitamin K Antagonists for the Management of Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation Based on Available "Real-World" Evidence: The Italian National Health System Perspective.Clinical drug investigation · 2021Pooled it
- Comparative performance of large language models for appraising bias in real-world evidence studies.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2026Article
- Model-Informed Decision Making from Drug Discovery to Reimbursement: A Roadmap for Clinical Pharmacology in Value-Based Healthcare.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Review
- Prospective Multicenter Observational Study of Anlotinib in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Real-World Evidence From China.Thoracic cancer · 2026Observational
- Real-World Cardiovascular Research Using the German IQVIA Disease Analyzer Database: Methods, Evidence, and Limitations (2000-2025).Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Review
- Use of RWD in the assessment of economic evaluations of innovative health products: lessons learned from the French National Authority for health (HAS).International journal of technology assessment in health care · 2026Article
- Applicability of academic real-world data research in the case studies of the HTx project to practical health technology assessment work.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Setting priorities for healthcare interventions in Indonesia: a comprehensive conceptual framework.International journal for equity in health · 2025Review
- Challenges and Criteria for Single-Arm Trials Leading to an Added Benefit in German Health Technology Assessments.PharmacoEconomics · 2025Article
- Behavioral Responses to Healthcare Funding Decisions and Their Impact on Value for Money: Evidence From Australia.Health economics · 2025Article
- Real-world evidence to support health technology assessment and payer decision making: is it now or never?International journal of technology assessment in health care · 2025Article
- Addressing challenges with Matching-Adjusted Indirect Comparisons to demonstrate the comparative effectiveness of entrectinib in metastatic ROS-1 positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.BMC medical research methodology · 2025Article
- The Use of Real-World Data for Estimating Relative Treatment Effects in NICE Health Technology Assessment Submissions: A Review.PharmacoEconomics · 2025Review
- How life-cycle real-world evidence can bridge evidentiary gaps in precision oncology.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Real-World Evidence to Reinforce Clinical Trial Evidence in Health Technology Assessment: A Critical Review of Real-World Evidence Requirements from Seven Countries and Recommendations to Improve Acceptance.Journal of market access & health policy · 2024Article
- Can requests for real-world evidence by the French HTA body be planned? An exhaustive retrospective case-control study of medicinal products appraisals from 2016 to 2021.International journal of technology assessment in health care · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundReimbursement decisions are conventionally based on evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs), which often have high internal validity but low external validity. Real-world data (RWD) may provide complimentary evidence for relative effectiveness assessments (REAs) and cost-effectiveness assessments (CEAs). This study examines whether RWD is incorporated in health technology assessment (HTA) of melanoma drugs by European HTA agencies, as well as differences in RWD use between agencies and across time.
methodsHTA reports published between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2016 were retrieved from websites of agencies representing five jurisdictions: England [National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)], Scotland [Scottish Medicines Consortium (SMC)], France [Haute Autorité de santé (HAS)], Germany [Institute for Quality and Efficacy in Healthcare (IQWiG)] and The Netherlands [Zorginstituut Nederland (ZIN)]. A standardized data extraction form was used to extract information on RWD inclusion for both REAs and CEAs.
resultsOverall, 52 reports were retrieved, all of which contained REAs; CEAs were present in 25 of the reports. RWD was included in 28 of the 52 REAs (54%), mainly to estimate melanoma prevalence, and in 22 of the 25 (88%) CEAs, mainly to extrapolate long-term effectiveness and/or identify drug-related costs. Differences emerged between agencies regarding RWD use in REAs; the ZIN and IQWiG cited RWD for evidence on prevalence, whereas the NICE, SMC and HAS additionally cited RWD use for drug effectiveness. No visible trend for RWD use in REAs and CEAs over time was observed.
conclusionIn general, RWD inclusion was higher in CEAs than REAs, and was mostly used to estimate melanoma prevalence in REAs or to predict long-term effectiveness in CEAs. Differences emerged between agencies' use of RWD; however, no visible trends for RWD use over time were observed.
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