ArticleLupus science & medicine2017
Strong viral associations with SLE among Filipinos.
Article in Lupus science & medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- The risk of systemic lupus erythematosus associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Autoantibody-positive healthy individuals with lower lupus risk display a unique immune endotype.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2020Trial
- Epstein-Barr Virus Seropositivity, Immune Dysregulation, and Mortality in Pediatric Sepsis.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Research landmarks on the 60th anniversary of Epstein-Barr virus.Science China. Life sciences · 2025Review
- The Severity of COVID-19 in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patient.Infectious disorders drug targets · 2025Review
- Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Chikungunya and Dengue Infections in Provincial Hospitals of Davao de Oro, Philippines.Reports (MDPI) · 2024Article
- Understanding autoimmune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection and the pathogenesis/mechanisms of long COVID.Medical review (2021) · 2024Review
- Social support and audience engagement of lupus-related posts on social networking sites in China.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Potential clinical implications of molecular mimicry-induced autoimmunity.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Review
- Cardiac tamponade.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2023Review
- Epstein-Barr Virus Reactivation as a New Predictor of Achieving Remission or Lupus Low Disease Activity State in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Cutaneous Involvement.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Persistent SARS-CoV-2 Infection, EBV, HHV-6 and Other Factors May Contribute to Inflammation and Autoimmunity in Long COVID.Viruses · 2023Review
- Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematous in COVID-19 Era.Viruses · 2023Review
- Epstein-Barr virus infection as potential indicator of the occurrence and clinical presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Epidemiology of the Epstein-Barr Virus in Autoimmune Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases in Northern Brazil.Viruses · 2022Article
- New onset systemic lupus erythematosus after COVID-19 infection: a case report.AME case reports · 2022Article
- Association of Viral Infection With the Development and Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- The intersection of COVID-19 and autoimmunity.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Review
- Review
- Serologic markers of Epstein-Barr virus reactivation are associated with increased disease activity, inflammation, and interferon pathway activation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is considered an important environmental factor in SLE aetiology, but the relationship between SLE and EBV in the Filipino population is unknown. We tested associations between SLE, lupus-associated autoantibodies and seropositivity for EBV and other herpes viruses in the Filipino population.
methodsSera from Filipino patients with SLE (n=233), unaffected first-degree relatives (FDRs, n=543) and unrelated controls (n=221) were tested for antibodies against EBV, cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1 and HSV-2) by standardised ELISAs. Humoral specificity against EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA)-1 was compared by solid-phase epitope mapping. Autoantibodies were detected by a bead-based multiplex assay. Results were analysed by Fisher's exact test, Student's t-test, χ
resultsFilipino patients with SLE had increased seroprevalence and elevated antibody concentrations against EBV viral capsid antigen (EBV-VCA), CMV, HSV-1 and HSV-2 compared with unrelated controls (p<0.05). Seropositivity for anti-EBV early antigen (EA), a marker of EBV reactivation, was dramatically increased in patients with SLE compared with unrelated controls (92.3% vs 40.4%; OR 17.15(95% CI 10.10, 30.66), p<0.0001) or unaffected FDRs (49.4%; OR 12.04(7.42, 20.74), p<0.0001), despite similar seroprevalence of EBV-VCA in patients and FDRs. In patients with SLE, EBV-EA seropositivity correlated with lupus-associated autoantibodies (p<0.001), most notably with autoantibodies against dsDNA, chromatin, Sm, SmRNP and RNP A (p<0.01). Patient and unrelated control sera reacted to the highly repetitive glycine and alanine domain of EBNA-1. An epitope spanning EBNA-1
conclusionsFilipino patients with SLE have elevated prevalence and concentrations of antibodies against EBV, CMV, HSV-1 and HSV-2 antigens, along with altered anti-EBNA-1 specificities. EBV reactivation is more common among Filipino patients with SLE compared with healthy Filipinos and may contribute to SLE pathogenesis in this population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.