ArticleComparative medicine2017
Cationic Liposome-Oligonucleotide Complex as an Alternative Adjuvant for Polyclonal Antibody Production in New Zealand White Rabbits (
Article in Comparative medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrative and Emerging Models in Antibody Research: A Comprehensive Review.Antibody therapeutics · 2025Review
- Nucleotides Entrapped in Liposome Nanovesicles as Tools for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Use in Biomedical Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Immunomodulation Associated with Sustained-release Buprenorphine in Female CD1 Mice Challenged with Ovalbumin.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Because of their ideal size and temperament, rabbits are commonly used in polyclonal antibody production. Immunostimulatory adjuvants-such as Freund complete and incomplete adjuvants as well as various proprietary products-trigger a robust immune response, which increases antibody concentrations. However, these adjuvants can cause excessive soft tissue reactions, prompting concerns regarding animal wellbeing. This study assessed the safety and efficacy of cationic liposome- oligonucleotide complexes (CLDC) as an alternative adjuvant to conventional adjuvants. On days 0 and 14, 15 female New Zealand white rabbits were vaccinated subcutaneously with 15 μg ovalbumin mixed with either CLDC, Freund adjuvant (day 0, complete; day 14, incomplete), or a proprietary adjuvant (n = 5 per group). Antibody titers were measured by direct ELISA on days 0, 14, and 28. Rabbits were palpated daily for lesion development, and all lesions were measured. Rabbits in all groups developed a significant antibody response to ovalbumin over 28 d. However, the differences between groups were not statistically significant. No rabbits in the CLDC group developed skin lesions, whereas 80% of rabbits that received Freund adjuvant and 100% of those that received the proprietary product developed skin lesions. This study demonstrates that CLDC may be a valuable and effective alternative adjuvant for polyclonal antibody production in rabbits-one that avoids the palpable injection-site lesions often seen with other adjuvants.
Indexed as
Identifiers
29212581PMC5713164W2997121575What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.