Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29207772›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR2017

Comparison of Pain Relief from Different Intravenous Doses of Ketorolac after Reduction of Mandibular Fractures.

Saeed Nezafati, Reza Khorshidi Khiavi, Seyyed Sina Mirinejhad, Dawood Aghamoh Ammadi, Milad Ghanizadeh

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 27% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Saeed NezafatiAssociate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Azadi Street, Iran.
Reza Khorshidi KhiaviAssistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Azadi Street, Iran.
Seyyed Sina MirinejhadPostgraduate Student, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Azadi Street, Iran.
Dawood Aghamoh AmmadiAssociate Professor, Department of Anaesthesiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Azadi Street, Iran.
Milad GhanizadehPostgraduate Student, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Azadi Street, Iran.
Islamic Azad University of Tabriz · IR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPain is an unpleasant feeling due to tissue destruction, which disturbs an individual's daily routines even at its lowest levels. The majority of surgeons and anaesthesiologists are increasingly trying to administer non-opioid analgesics because excessive use of opioids after surgery results in patient dissatisfaction.

aimTo evaluate the analgesic effect of intravenous injection of different doses of ketorolac at different intervals in patients undergoing surgery for unilateral fractures of the mandible. MATERIALS AND

methodsIn the present randomized clinical trial (March 2016 to January 2017, in Tabriz Imam Reza Treatment/Educational Center), 50 patients were assigned to five groups with simple randomization method. In Group 1 and 2, immediately before the induction of general anaesthesia 30 and 60 mg of ketorolac and in Group 3 and 4, immediately before termination of surgery 30 and 60 mg of ketorolac was injected intravenously. In Group 5, ketorolac was not administered. After each patient regained complete consciousness, the severity of pain was determined using VAS up to 24 hours at baseline and at 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24-hours intervals. The total dose of the opioid analgesic agent (morphine-pethidine) and the time for the first request for an analgesic agent were recorded for each patient and their means were compared in each group with suitable statistical tests.

resultsThe patients in Group 5 and 4 exhibited the highest and lowest mean pain scores (5.03±0.9 and 3.5±1), respectively. ANOVA for repeated measures and post-hoc Tukey tests showed significant differences only between Group 3 and 5 (p=0.002) and Group 4 and 5 (p=0.001), with no significant differences between the other groups (p>0.005). The highest dose of the analgesic agent was in Group 5 (5.3±1.4 mg) and the lowest dose was recorded in Group 4 (1.6±0.6 mg). Patients in the control group received significantly higher doses compared to the other groups (p<0.05). The patients in Group 1 and 2 received higher doses of analgesics compared to Group 3 and 4 (p<0.05). The longest time for the request for the first dose of analgesic agent after surgery was 73.4±12.03 minutes in Group 4 The patients in the control group had requested analgesics after surgery at a significantly shorter time compared to the patients in all the study groups (p<0.05). The patients in Group 1 and 2 had requested analgesics at a shorter time after surgery compared to the subjects in Group 3 and 4 (p<0.05).

conclusionIntravenous administration of 30 and 60 mg of ketorolac, immediately before termination of surgery, decreases the pain severity and the need for opioid analgesics after surgery.

Indexed as

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugsOpioidPostoperative pain

Identifiers

PMID29207772
PMCPMC5713794
OpenAlexW2766836735

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.