ArticleOncotarget2017
Accurate quantification of 5-Methylcytosine, 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine, 5-Formylcytosine, and 5-Carboxylcytosine in genomic DNA from breast cancer by chemical derivatization coupled with ultra performance liquid chromatography- electrospray quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry analysis.
Article in Oncotarget, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ultrafast Postcolumn Microdroplet Derivatization of Nucleobases for Enhanced Online Detection, Characterization, and Quantification of Nucleic Acid Modifications Using LC-MSAnalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Knockdown of 5-methylcytosine RNA methyltransferase NOP2/sun RNA methyltransferase 5 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells affects their biological functions.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2026Article
- Mass Spectrometry Quantification of Epigenetic Changes: A Scoping Review for Cancer and Beyond.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Methods for Detection and Mapping of Methylated and Hydroxymethylated Cytosine in DNA.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- TET Enzymes and 5hmC Levels in Carcinogenesis and Progression of Breast Cancer: Potential Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Article
- Integration of Epigenetic Mechanisms into Non-Genotoxic Carcinogenicity Hazard Assessment: Focus on DNA Methylation and Histone Modifications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Quantification and mapping of DNA modifications.RSC chemical biology · 2021Review
- Transcriptomic and Epigenomic Landscape in Rett Syndrome.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- A novel malic acid-enhanced method for the analysis of 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine, 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxycytidine, 5-methylcytidine and 5-hydroxymethylcytidine in human urine using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Analytica chimica acta · 2018Article
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10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The DNA demethylation pathway has been discovered to play a significant role in DNA epigenetics. This pathway removes the methyl group from cytosine, which is involved in the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) by ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins. Then, 5-hmC can be iteratively oxidized to generate 5-formylcytosine (5-foC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5-caC). However, 5-hmC, 5-foC, and 5-caC are hardly detected due to their low content. In this study, we have developed a LC-HRMS method coupled with derivatization to accurately and simultaneously quantify 5-mC levels, along with its oxidation products in genomic DNA. Derivatization was carried out using 4-dimethylamino benzoic anhydride, which has been shown to improve separation and enhance the detection sensitivity. Finally, we successfully applied this method towards the quantification of 5-mC, 5-hmC, 5-foC, and 5-caC in genomic DNA isolated from both human breast cancer tissue and tumor-adjacent normal tissue. We show that 5-foC and 5-caC are increased in tumor tissue. In addition, the levels of 5-mC, 5-hmC, 5-foC, and 5-caC measured in tumor tissue versus tumor-adjacent tissue were found to be distinct among different classifications. This suggests that cytosine modifiers could be used as potential biomarkers for determining the stage of development of breast cancer, as well as prognosis.
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