ArticlePain medicine (Malden, Mass.)2018
Rational Urine Drug Monitoring in Patients Receiving Opioids for Chronic Pain: Consensus Recommendations.
Article in Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Urine Drug Testing Among Long-term Opioid Prescribed Patients: Disparities and Opportunities.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Clinical Responses to Cocaine-Positive Urine Drug Screens in Patients Receiving Chronic Opioid Therapy: A Four-Patient Case Series.Orthopedic reviews · 2026Article
- Identifying Barriers and Facilitators to Pain Management With Buprenorphine for Patients With Kidney Failure: A Thematic Analysis of Interviews With Key Partners.Kidney medicine · 2025Article
- Recommendations for pharmacogenetic testing in clinical practice guidelines in the US.American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists · 2024Review
- Urine drug testing in the context of opioid analgesic prescribing for chronic pain: a content analysis of U.S. state laws in 2022.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2023Article
- Immunoassay Urine Drug Testing among Patients Receiving Opioids at a Safety-Net Palliative Medicine Clinic.Cancers · 2023Article
- Drug Safety and Suicidality Risk of Chronic Pain Medications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Status and Quality of Guidelines for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Based on AGREE II Instrument.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2023Article
- Evaluation of adherence monitoring in buprenorphine treatment: A pilot study using timed drug assays to determine accuracy of testing.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2023Article
- Article
- Do Urine Drug Tests Reveal Substance Misuse Among Patients Prescribed Opioids for Chronic Pain?Journal of general internal medicine · 2022Article
- Opioids for chronic pain management in patients with dialysis-dependent kidney failure.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2022Review
- Article
- Study of Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activity of Scorpion Toxins DKK-SP1/2 from ScorpionToxins · 2021Article
- Trends in Urine Drug Testing Among Long-term Opioid Users, 2012-2018.American journal of preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Article
- Trends in Urine Drug Monitoring Among Persons Receiving Long-Term Opioids and Persons with Opioid Use Disorder in the United States.Pain physician · 2021Article
- How Do Clinicians of Different Specialties Perceive and Use Opioid Risk Mitigation Strategies? A Qualitative Study.Substance use & misuse · 2021Article
- Reevaluating chronic opioid monitoring during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.Pain management · 2020Article
- Predicting Persistent Opioid Use, Abuse, and Toxicity Among Cancer Survivors.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 10 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To develop consensus recommendations on urine drug monitoring (UDM) in patients with chronic pain who are prescribed opioids. Methods: An interdisciplinary group of clinicians with expertise in pain, substance use disorders, and primary care conducted virtual meetings to review relevant literature and existing guidelines and share their clinical experience in UDM before reaching consensus recommendations. Results: Definitive (e.g., chromatography-based) testing is recommended as most clinically appropriate for UDM because of its accuracy; however, institutional or payer policies may require initial use of presumptive testing (i.e., immunoassay). The rational choice of substances to analyze for UDM involves considerations that are specific to each patient and related to illicit drug availability. Appropriate opioid risk stratification is based on patient history (especially psychiatric conditions or history of opioid or substance use disorder), prescription drug monitoring program data, results from validated risk assessment tools, and previous UDM. Urine drug monitoring is suggested to be performed at baseline for most patients prescribed opioids for chronic pain and at least annually for those at low risk, two or more times per year for those at moderate risk, and three or more times per year for those at high risk. Additional UDM should be performed as needed on the basis of clinical judgment. Conclusions: Although evidence on the efficacy of UDM in preventing opioid use disorder, overdose, and diversion is limited, UDM is recommended by the panel as part of ongoing comprehensive risk monitoring in patients prescribed opioids for chronic pain.
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