Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29204963›Full record

ArticleJournal of neurology2018

The BRAIN test: a keyboard-tapping test to assess disability and clinical features of multiple sclerosis.

Samuel Shribman, Hasan Hasan, Shahrzad Hadavi, Gavin Giovannoni, Alastair J Noyce

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neurology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06174948 (The Use of the CUE1/CUE1+ Device in People With Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06174948 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

The Use of the CUE1/CUE1+ Device in People With Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders: A Feasibility Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorQueen Mary University of LondonRan2024 to 2025Enrolled70ConditionsParkinson's Disease and Parkinsonism, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, Different Types of Tremor Including Essential Tremor, DystoniaArmsCUE1 non-invasive device, CUE1+ device active vs sham CUE1+ device
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Remote Assessments of Hand Function in Neurological Disorders: Systematic Review.JMIR rehabilitation and assistive technologies · 2022
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Samuel ShribmanDepartment of Neurology, St. George's Hospital, London, UK.
Hasan HasanReta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
Shahrzad HadaviDepartment of Neurophysiology, Kings College Hospital, London, UK.
Gavin GiovannoniBlizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Alastair J NoyceReta Lila Weston Institute of Neurological Studies, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK. a.noyce@qmul.ac.uk.
Queen Mary University of London · GBKing's College Hospital · GBSt George's Hospital · GBUniversity College London · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe BRadykinesia Akinesia INcordination (BRAIN) test is an online keyboard-tapping test previously validated as a sensitive tool for detecting signs of Parkinson's disease.

objectivesTo determine whether the BRAIN test can measure disability in MS and identify the presence of pyramidal or cerebellar dysfunction.

methodsKinesia scores (KS, number of key taps in 30 s), akinesia times (AT, mean dwell time on each key) and incoordination scores (IS, variance of travelling time between keys) were calculated in 39 MS patients. These were correlated against the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores, pyramidal and cerebellar functional system scores and 9-hole peg test scores.

resultsEDSS correlated with KS (r = - 0.594, p < 0.001), AT (r = 0.464, p = 0.003) and IS (r = 0.423, p = 0.007). 9-HPT scores strongly correlated with KS (r = 0.926, p < 0.001). Pyramidal scores correlated with KS (r = - 0.517, p < 0.001). Cerebellar scores correlated with KS (r = - 0.665, p < 0.001), AT (r = 0.567, p < 0.001) and IS (r = 0.546, p = 0.007). Receiver operating characteristic curves demonstrate that KS can distinguish between the presence or absence of pyramidal and cerebellar dysfunction with area under curve 0.840 (p < 0.001) and 0.829 (p < 0.001), respectively.

conclusionsThe BRAIN test can remotely measure disability in MS. Specific scores differ according to the presence and severity of pyramidal or extrapyramidal dysfunction. It demonstrates huge potential in monitoring disease progression in clinical trials.

Indexed as

Diagnosis, Computer-AssistedDisability EvaluationPersons with DisabilitiesAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMultiple SclerosisPsychomotor PerformanceYoung AdultCerebellar dysfunctionKeyboardMultiple sclerosisOnlinePyramidal dysfunctionRemote monitoring

Identifiers

PMID29204963
PMCPMC5808056
OpenAlexW2774170248

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.