Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29204735›Full record

ArticleEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2018

Inflammaging in cervical and lumbar degenerated intervertebral discs: analysis of proinflammatory cytokine and TRP channel expression.

Aleksandra Sadowska, Ermioni Touli, Wolfgang Hitzl, Helen Greutert, Stephen J Ferguson, Karin Wuertz-Kozak, Oliver N Hausmann

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In one paragraph

Article in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. TRPC6-Mediated CaCells · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. The mFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
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  8. Exploring upstream and downstream causality of inflammatory cytokines in intervertebral disc degeneration: a bidirectional, two-sample Mendelian randomization study.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025
    Article
  9. Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Causal relationship between basal metabolic rate and intervertebral disc degeneration: a Mendelian randomization study.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Aleksandra SadowskaInstitute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Hoenggerbergring 64, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
Ermioni TouliNeuro and Spine Center, Hirslanden Klinik St. Anna, St.-Anna-Strasse 32, 6006, Lucerne, Switzerland.
Wolfgang HitzlParacelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
Helen GreutertInstitute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Hoenggerbergring 64, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
Stephen J FergusonInstitute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Hoenggerbergring 64, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
Karin Wuertz-KozakInstitute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Hoenggerbergring 64, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
Oliver N HausmannNeuro and Spine Center, Hirslanden Klinik St. Anna, St.-Anna-Strasse 32, 6006, Lucerne, Switzerland. ohausmann@hin.ch.
ETH Zurich · CHHirslanden Klinik St. Anna · CHParacelsus Medical University · ATUniversity of Potsdam · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo investigate and compare the occurrence of inflammatory processes in the sites of disc degeneration in the lumbar and cervical spine by a gene array and subsequent qPCR and to investigate the mechanistic involvement of transient receptor potential channels TRPC6 and TRPV4.

methodsThe gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and TRP channels was measured in human disc samples obtained from patients undergoing discectomy at the cervical (n = 24) or lumbar (n = 27) spine for degenerative disc disease (DDD) and disc herniation (DH) and analyzed for differences with regard to spinal level, IVD degeneration grade, Modic grade, age, sex, disc region and surgical extent.

resultsAside from genes with known implication in DDD and DH, four previously unreported genes from the interferon and TRP families (IFNA1, IFNA8, IFNB1, TRPC6) could be detected. A correlation between gene expression and age (IL-15) and IVD degeneration grade (IFNA1, IL-6, IL-15, TRPC6), but not Modic grade, was identified. Significant differences were detected between cervical and lumbar discs (IL-15), nucleus and annulus (IL-6, TNF-α, TRPC6), single-level and multi-level surgery (IL-6, IL-8) as well as DDD and DH (IL-8), while sex had no effect. Multiple gene-gene pair correlations, either between different cytokines or between cytokines and TRP channels, exist in the disc.

conclusionThis study supports the relevance of IL-6 and IL-8 in disc diseases, but furthermore points toward a possible pathological role of IL-15 and type I interferons, as well as a mechanistic role of TRPC6. With limited differences in the inflammatory profile of cervical and lumbar discs, novel anti-inflammatory or TRP-modulatory strategies for the treatment of disc pathologies may be applicable independent of the spinal region.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAge FactorsCervical VertebraeCytokinesFemaleHumansIntervertebral DiscIntervertebral Disc DegenerationIntervertebral Disc DisplacementLumbar VertebraeMaleMiddle AgedPolymerase Chain ReactionRNA, MessengerCytokinesRNA, MessengerTRPC6 Cation ChannelTRPC6 protein, humanTRPV4 protein, humanTRPV Cation ChannelsCervical and lumbar discsDegenerative disc disease (DDD) and disc herniation (DH)InflammagingInflammationIntervertebral discTransient receptor potential (TRP) channel

Identifiers

PMID29204735
OpenAlexW2772841075

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.