ArticleBioMed research international2017
The Prognostic Value of Combined Smoking and Alcohol Consumption Habits for the Estimation of Cause-Specific Mortality in Middle-Age and Elderly Population: Results from a Long-Term Cohort Study in Lithuania.
Article in BioMed research international, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association Between Daily Alcohol Intake and Risk of All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses.JAMA network open · 2023Pooled it
- [Low-risk alcohol drinking limits based on associated mortality.]Revista espanola de salud publica · 2020Pooled it
- Relationship of tobacco smoking to cause-specific mortality: contemporary estimates from Australia.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Survival and Death Causes in Thyroid Cancer in Taiwan: A Nationwide Case-Control Cohort Study.Cancers · 2021Article
- The Impact of Metabolic Syndrome and Lifestyle Habits on the Risk of the First Event of Cardiovascular Disease: Results from a Cohort Study in Lithuanian Urban Population.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo evaluate the prognostic value of combined smoking and alcohol consumption habits for the estimation of cause-specific mortality risk in middle-age and elderly population.
methodsThe study presents data from the four surveys. A random sample of 6,729 subjects aged 35-64 years was selected for statistical analysis. During the follow-up of 31 years (1983-2014), there were 2,158 deaths from any cause. Multivariate Cox's proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for all-cause mortality and Competing Risk Regression analysis was used to estimate subdistribution hazard risk (SHR) for cause-specific mortality.
resultsSmoking clearly increased the risk of all-cause mortality and mortality from cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but alcohol use had little effect in men aged 35-64 years. However, heavy alcohol consumption (>14 units/week) increased the risk of all-cause mortality and mortality from external causes in the never-smokers men group who drank alcohol of 1-14 units/week (HR 2 = 1.57 and SHR 2 = 2.40, resp.).
conclusionsThe smoking habits and alcohol consumption are modifiable risk factors, and thus efforts to support abstinence from alcohol and smoking use should be a public health priority.
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