ArticleBMC health services research2017
The choice that matters: the relative influence of socioeconomic status indicators on chronic back pain- a longitudinal study.
Article in BMC health services research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Protection from Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Scoping Review.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2026Article
- Relations of Social Determinants of Health to Pain and Function in Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis in a Hispanic-dominant Community.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Article
- Understanding Non-Pharmacological Treatments for Fibromyalgia Functional and Well-Being Status: The Role of Literacy.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The role of lifestyle factors in the association between education and self-reported fibromyalgia: a mediation analysis.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Loneliness and pain among community-dwelling middle-aged and older Black, Latino, and White adults in the United States.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- The Area Deprivation Index Corresponds Effectively With Other Measures of Objective Socioeconomic Status in Adults With Chronic Low Back Pain.Journal of nursing measurement · 2022Article
- The role of material and psychosocial resources in explaining socioeconomic inequalities in diet: A structural equation modelling approach.SSM - population health · 2022Article
- Article
- A genetic sum score of effect alleles associated with serum lipid concentrations interacts with educational attainment.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Persistent Spinal Pain Syndrome Type 2 (PSPS-T2), a Social Pain? Advocacy for a Social Gradient of Health Approach to Chronic Pain.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Investigating key predictors of persistent low back pain: A focus on psychological stress.Applied nursing research : ANR · 2021Article
- Pain Trends Among American Adults, 2002-2018: Patterns, Disparities, and Correlates.Demography · 2021Article
- Vocational Rehabilitation with or without Work Module for Patients with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain and Sick Leave from Work: Longitudinal Impact on Work Participation.Journal of occupational rehabilitation · 2021Article
- Invariance of the PAINAD Scale Between the Black and White Residents Living With Dementia.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Social Determinants of Health in Physiatry: Challenges and Opportunities for Clinical Decision Making and Improving Treatment Precision.Frontiers in public health · 2021Review
- Syndemic and syndemogenesis of low back pain in Latin-American population: a network and cluster analysis.Clinical rheumatology · 2020Article
- Social determinants associated to chronic pain after total knee arthroplasty.International orthopaedics · 2019Article
- Over-indebtedness and its association with pain and pain medication use.Preventive medicine reports · 2019Article
- The Relationship Between Education and Pain Among Adults Aged 30-49 in the United States.The journal of painObservational
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Abstract
backgroundIn health research, indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) are often used interchangeably and often lack theoretical foundation. This makes it difficult to compare results from different studies and to explore the relationship between SES and health outcomes. To aid researchers in choosing appropriate indicators of SES, this article proposes and tests a theory-based selection of SES indicators using chronic back pain as a health outcome.
methodsStrength of relationship predictions were made using Brunner & Marmot's model of 'social determinants of health'. Subsequently, a longitudinal study was conducted with 66 patients receiving in-patient treatment for chronic back pain. Sociodemographic variables, four SES indicators (education, job position, income, multidimensional index) and back pain intensity and disability were obtained at baseline. Both pain dimensions were assessed again 6 months later. Using linear regression, the predictive strength of each SES indicator on pain intensity and disability was estimated and compared to the theory based prediction.
resultsChronic back pain intensity was best predicted by the multidimensional index (beta = 0.31, p < 0.05), followed by job position (beta = 0.29, p < 0.05) and education (beta = -0.29, p < 0.05); whereas, income exerted no significant influence. Back pain disability was predicted strongest by education (beta = -0.30, p < 0.05) and job position (beta = 0.29, p < 0.05). Here, multidimensional index and income had no significant influence.
conclusionsThe choice of SES indicators influences predictive power on both back pain dimensions, suggesting SES predictors cannot be used interchangeably. Therefore, researchers should carefully consider prior to each study which SES indicator to use. The introduced framework can be valuable in supporting this decision because it allows for a stable prediction of SES indicator influence and their hierarchy on a specific health outcomes.
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