ArticleBMC complementary and alternative medicine2017
Extract of Ginkgo biloba exacerbates liver metastasis in a mouse colon cancer Xenograft model.
Article in BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of metronidazole on colorectal cancer occurrence and colorectal cancer liver metastases by regulating Fusobacterium nucleatum in mice.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Article
- Anti-tumor effect of ginkgetin on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines by inducing cell cycle arrest and promoting cell apoptosis.Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2022Article
- Sophocarpine can enhance the inhibiting effect of oxaliplatin on colon cancer liver metastasis-in vitro and in vivo.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2021Article
- Jiedu Sangen Decoction Reverses Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition and Inhibits Invasion and Metastasis of Colon Cancer via AKT/GSK-3β Signaling Pathway.Journal of Cancer · 2019Article
- Ginkgo biloba induces different gene expression signatures and oncogenic pathways in malignant and non-malignant cells of the liver.PloS one · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMetastasis refers to the spread of a primary tumor cell from the primary site to other locations in the body and it is generally associated with the severity of a tumor. Extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb) contains various bioactive compounds and it exerts beneficial effects including improvements in brain function and reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, increased risk of thyroid and liver cancers by EGb have been reported in animals.
methodsA colon cancer metastasis model was established using intrasplenic injection of a human colon cancer cell line, SW620-luc in athymic mice to investigate the potential impact of EGb on colon cancer progression. After tumor establishment, EGb was intraperitonically injected daily for 5 wks.
resultsEGb significantly increased the rate of metastasis in mouse liver and decreased the number of necrotic and apoptotic cells in the metastatic liver when compared to the control. Meanwhile, EGb significantly induced proliferation of tumor cells in the metastatic liver, indicated by increased staining of Ki67 and H3S10p. mRNA expression of genes involved in cell cycle, metastasis, apoptosis, and oxidative stress were altered by EGb treatment in livers with tumors. Moreover, EGb activated the stress-responsive MAPK pathways in the liver with metastatic tumors.
conclusionsEGb exacerbated liver metastasis in a mouse colon cancer metastasis model. This is potentially due to the increased tumor cell proliferation involving stimulated MAPK pathways.
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