ReviewClinical medicine (London, England)2017
The lung microbiome in health and disease.
Review in Clinical medicine (London, England), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 108 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
108 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Bronchiectasis in children: a systematic review of cytokine profile, immune cell phenotypes and microbiota in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Pooled it
- The Role of Lung Microbiome in Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease-A Systematic Review.Biomolecules · 2024Pooled it
- The composition of lung microbiome in lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC microbiology · 2021Pooled it
- Microbiota Emergencies in the Diagnosis of Lung Diseases: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Pooled it
- Potential Association Between Changes in Microbiota Level and Lung Diseases: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Establishment of anmSystems · 2026Article
- The lung microbiome in childhood-onset severe neuromuscular disease with respiratory insufficiency: rationale, current evidence, and opportunities for oxford nanopore long-read sequencing.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2026Review
- DNA sequencing for microbial surveillance in cystic fibrosis airways: advances, challenges, and clinical translation.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Analysis of the pulmonary microbiome in ARDS patients using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid metagenomic next-generation sequencing: a retrospective observational study.Journal of intensive care · 2026Article
- Integrated Analysis of the Lung Microbiome and Metabolome Reveals Associations Between Amino Acid Metabolism and Pulmonary Fibrosis in a Bleomycin-Induced Mouse Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Metagenomic next-generation sequencing reveals microbial community characteristics during acute exacerbations of interstitial pneumonia and their associations with clinical phenotypes.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Effect of Maternal Administration with All-Trans Retinoic Acid on Lungs of Neonatal Pigs.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Targeting Gut-Lung Crosstalk in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The epithelial barrier theory proposes a comprehensive explanation for the origins of allergic and other chronic noncommunicable diseases.FEBS letters · 2025Review
- Assessment of Microbiome-Based Pathogen Detection Using Illumina Short-Read and Nanopore Long-Read Sequencing in 144 Patients Undergoing Bronchoalveolar Lavage in a University Hospital in Germany.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Microbiome Against the Background of the Complex Aetiology in Sarcoidosis-What Do We Already Know?Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Immunoregulatory role of pulmonary microbiota in lung cancer: a bibliometric analysis.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Pathogenic profiles and lower respiratory tract microbiota in severe pneumonia patients using metagenomic next-generation sequencing.Advanced biotechnology · 2025Article
- Type 2 immunity in allergic diseases.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Review
- Multiomics as instrument to promote 3P medical approaches for the overall management of respiratory syncytial viral infections.The EPMA journal · 2025Review
48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Human Microbiome Project began 10 years ago, leading to a significant growth in understanding of the role the human microbiome plays in health and disease. In this article, we explain with an emphasis on the lung, the origins of microbiome research. We discuss how 16S rRNA gene sequencing became the first major molecular tool to examine the bacterial communities present within the human body. We highlight the pitfalls of molecular-based studies, such as false findings resulting from contamination, and the limitations of 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Knowledge about the lung microbiome has evolved from initial scepticism to the realisation that it might have a significant influence on many illnesses. We also discuss the lung microbiome in the context of disease by giving examples of important respiratory conditions. In addition, we draw attention to the challenges for metagenomic studies of respiratory samples and the importance of systematic bacterial isolation to enable host-microbiome interactions to be understood. We conclude by discussing how knowledge of the lung microbiome impacts current clinical diagnostics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.