ReviewSleep medicine reviews2018
Benefits of a bedtime routine in young children: Sleep, development, and beyond.
Review in Sleep medicine reviews, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 144 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Implementing Evidence-based Behavioral Sleep Intervention in Urban Primary Care: Aim 3
The Development and Pilot of a Sleep Resource for Carers of Pre-school Aged Children to be Used as Part of the Bedtime Routine
Who cites it
144 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- School-Based Homework Interventions for Improving 24-hour Movement Behaviours in Primary School Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine - open · 2025Pooled it
- European expert guidance on management of sleep onset insomnia and melatonin use in typically developing children.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Guideline
- The role of arts therapies in mitigating Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- Non-pharmacological interventions for sleep promotion in hospitalized children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of behavioral sleep interventions on children's and mothers' sleep quality and maternal depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Exploring the potential of a school brushing program using a connected brush in underserved areas: a feasibility cluster randomised trial.BMC oral health · 2025Trial
- Effects of a Responsive Parenting Intervention Among Black Families on Infant Sleep: A Secondary Analysis of the Sleep SAAF Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022Trial
- Longitudinal Associations Among Diet Quality, Physical Activity and Sleep Onset Consistency With Body Mass Index z-Score Among Toddlers in Low-income Families.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2021Trial
- Novel and Exciting or Tried and True? Tailoring Shared Relationship Experiences to Insecurely Attached Partners.Social psychological and personality science · 2026Article
- Who Did It? Sleep, Source Memory, and Action Memory in Human 4-Year-Olds.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Reading and Screen Time: Associations with Behavioral and Sleep Difficulties in Children and Adolescents.Pediatric reports · 2026Article
- Psychological and lifestyle predictors of paediatric sleep disturbances: a cross-sectional study.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Assessing infant sleep quality and arousals: comparison of wearable data with parent perspectives.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Exploring Caregiver Perceptions of Child Sleep Quality Among a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Sample: A Qualitative Thematic Analysis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Caregivers' knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding sleep care for 0-3 year-old children: a cross-sectional study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- The relationship between mothers' maladaptive schemas and sleep problems in 12-to-36-month-old children: The role of attachment and sleep behaviors.Infant mental health journal · 2026Article
- Physical Activity, Sleep, and Cognition in Preschool-Aged Children: A Scoping Review.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- The long-term associations between kindergarten bedtime and sleep duration, executive function, and academic achievement.Sleep health · 2026Article
- Why Do I Need Sleep? Exploring Children's Views on Sleep and Its Importance.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
84 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This paper presents a conceptual model and reviews the empirical evidence to support a nightly bedtime routine as a key factor in the promotion of not only healthy sleep, but also of broad development and wellbeing in early childhood. A bedtime routine embodies the characteristics of nurturing care and early child stimulation, which are deemed to be essential for positive outcomes, especially for at-risk children. Furthermore, common, adaptive components of a bedtime routine can contribute to an array of positive developmental outcomes beyond improved sleep, inclusive of language development, literacy, child emotional and behavioral regulation, parent-child attachment, and family functioning, among other outcomes. These bedtime routine components include activities in the broad domains of nutrition (e.g., feeding, healthy snack), hygiene (e.g., bathing, oral care), communication (e.g., reading, singing/lullabies) and physical contact (e.g., massage, cuddling/rocking). A bedtime routine can provide multiple benefits to child and family functioning at a time of day that many parents are present with their children. Although additional research on hypothesized routine-related child outcomes and mechanisms of action are needed, promoting a bedtime routine may be a feasible and cost-effective method to promote positive early childhood development worldwide, particularly for socioeconomically disadvantaged and other at-risk young children.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.