ReviewAnnual review of pathology2018
The Glymphatic System in Central Nervous System Health and Disease: Past, Present, and Future.
Review in Annual review of pathology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04205539 (Lymphatic System Health in Alzheimer's Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 427 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Lymphatic System Health in Alzheimer's Disease
Who cites it
427 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 746 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier opening in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review of clinical studies.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2026Pooled it
- DTI-ALPS index and cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Global collaboration and innovation in malignant cerebral edema research: a bibliometric perspective.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- The Role of Aquaporins in Epileptogenesis-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Left-lateralized glymphatic dysfunction is associated with MoCA-measured cognitive impairment in cerebral small vessel disease: A DTI-ALPS study.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Harnessing Brain Age-Specific Effects on the Associations Between Sleep Quality, Glymphatic Function, and Cognition in Normal Ageing Adults: Insights for Gerotherapeutics.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- Glial cells in neuropathic pain.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- The Role of Glymphatic Clearance in Affective Decision-Making in Adolescents with Non-Suicidal Self-Injury.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- The Glymphatic System in Neurological Diseases: Mechanisms, Imaging Surrogates, and Translational Uncertainties.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- Novel Therapeutic Insights Into Alzheimer's Disease: Glymphatic System and Meningeal Lymphatic Vessels.Aging cell · 2026Review
- Written in the Stars: Astrocyte Biology From Evolution to Disease.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- A Pilot Study Evaluating the Effect of Artesunate on Glymphatic-Related Fluid Transport in Parkinson's Disease Mouse Models In Vivo and Ex Vivo.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Glymphatic dysfunction in cerebellar neurodegeneration: mechanistic insights and emerging clinical implications.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- Chronic Smoking Impairs Glymphatic Transport and Cognitive Function in Adolescent Mice Through Cardiac, Vascular, and Perivascular Aquaporin-4 Mechanisms.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Review
- Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability and Membrane Proteins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Glymphatic System and Neurosurgery: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Current Concepts and Future Directions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- The glymphatic system in sleep: a nexus of waste clearance, brain homeostasis, and disease intervention.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Review
- Early glymphatic failure in AppNL-F knock-in mice is linked to parenchymal border macrophages loss.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Glutamate carboxypeptidase II activation in astrocytes mediates glymphatic impairment and cognitive vulnerability in the aging brain following surgery.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
367 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is unique in being the only organ system lacking lymphatic vessels to assist in the removal of interstitial metabolic waste products. Recent work has led to the discovery of the glymphatic system, a glial-dependent perivascular network that subserves a pseudolymphatic function in the brain. Within the glymphatic pathway, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) enters the brain via periarterial spaces, passes into the interstitium via perivascular astrocytic aquaporin-4, and then drives the perivenous drainage of interstitial fluid (ISF) and its solute. Here, we review the role of the glymphatic pathway in CNS physiology, the factors known to regulate glymphatic flow, and the pathologic processes in which a breakdown of glymphatic CSF-ISF exchange has been implicated in disease initiation and progression. Important areas of future research, including manipulation of glymphatic activity aiming to improve waste clearance and therapeutic agent delivery, are also discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.