ArticleAIDS (London, England)2018
HIV-infected cannabis users have lower circulating CD16+ monocytes and IFN-γ-inducible protein 10 levels compared with nonusing HIV patients.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of cannabis on immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a systematic review of immunomodulatory effects of cannabis in patients with and without cancer.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Limited Impact of Cannabidiol on Health-related Quality of Life of People With Long-term Controlled HIV: A Double-blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- A Multifaceted Interplay Among Hemophagocytosis, Interleukin-18, and Type I Interferon Distinguishes Still Disease From Other Autoinflammatory Diseases.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- ΔJournal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory effects of cannabis use: a multi-omics study in people living with HIV.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Cannabis use by people with HIV is associated with an anti-inflammatory immunometabolic phenotype in monocyte-derived macrophages.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Cannabis use frequency may differentially impact cognitive performance in young adults with and without HIV.Frontiers in adolescent medicine · 2026Article
- Contrasting cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R)-mediated responses in two different models of Blood Brain Barrier in the context of HIV.Research square · 2025Article
- Sex differences in the capacity of minor phytocannabinoids to attenuate nociceptive insults in HIV-1 Tat-expressing mice.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Cannabis Use Moderates Methamphetamine- and HIV-Related Inflammation: Evidence from Human Plasma Markers.Viruses · 2025Article
- Causal associations between immune cells and psychiatric disorders: a bidirectional mendelian randomization analysis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Cannabis Use and Biomarkers of Inflammation, Immune Activation, and Microbial Translocation in Persons with HIV.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2024Article
- Article
- Feasibility of a Randomized, Interventional Pilot Clinical Study of Oral Cannabinoids in People with HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy: CTNPT 028.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Immunomodulatory effects of cannabinoids against viral infections: a review of its potential use in SARS-CoV2 infection.Virusdisease · 2024Review
- Changes in Immune-Related Biomarkers and Endocannabinoids as a Function of Frequency of Cannabis Use in People Living With and Without HIV.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2024Article
- Impact of Cannabis Use on Immune Cell Populations and the Viral Reservoir in People With HIV on Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- A longitudinal study of cannabis use and risk for cognitive and functional decline among older adults with HIV.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Inflammation, Dopaminergic Brain and Bilirubin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveChronic immune activation and elevated numbers of circulating activated monocytes (CD16) are implicated in HIV-associated neuroinflammation. The objective was to compare the level of circulating CD16 monocytes and IFN-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) between HIV-infected cannabis users (HIV+MJ+) and noncannabis users (HIV+MJ-) and determine whether in-vitro Δ-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a constituent of cannabis, affected CD16 expression as well as IP-10 production by monocytes.
designThe levels of circulating CD16 monocytes and IP-10 from HIV+MJ- and HIV+MJ+ donors were examined. In-vitro experimentation using THC was performed on primary leukocytes isolated from HIV-MJ-, HIV+MJ- and HIV+MJ+ donors to determine if THC has an impact on CD16 monocyte and IP-10 levels.
methodsFlow cytometry was used to measure the number of blood CD16 monocytes and plasma IP-10 from HIV+MJ- and HIV+MJ+ donors. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from HIV-MJ- and HIV+ (MJ- and MJ+) donors for in-vitro THC and IFNα treatment, and CD16 monocytes and supernatant IP-10 were quantified.
resultsHIV+MJ+ donors possessed a lower level of circulating CD16 monocytes and plasma IP-10, compared with HIV+MJ- donors. Further, monocytes from HIV+MJ+ donors were unable to induce CD16 expression when treated with in-vitro IFNα, whereas HIV-MJ- and HIV+MJ- donors displayed pronounced CD16 induction, suggesting anti-inflammatory effects by cannabis. Lastly, in-vitro THC treatment impaired CD16 monocyte transition to CD16 and monocyte-derived IP-10.
conclusionComponents of cannabis, including THC, may decelerate peripheral monocyte processes that are implicated in HIV-associated neuroinflammation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.