Observational studyBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2018
Drug burden index to define the burden of medicines in older adults with intellectual disabilities: An observational cross-sectional study.
Observational study in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quantifying Anticholinergic Burden and Sedative Load in Older Adults with Polypharmacy: A Systematic Review of Risk Scales and Models.Drugs & aging · 2021Pooled it
- Impact of nurse-led home visits on medication management and use of medical screenings for adults with intellectual disabilities: a randomised-controlled trial.BMC nursing · 2026Article
- Reducing medication burden and improving pressure injury outcomes in older emergency patients: a pharmacist-nurse collaboration.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- A Rapid Mapping Review of Medication Burden in Adults with an Intellectual Disability: What We Know and What We Do Not Know.Drug, healthcare and patient safety · 2026Review
- Drug Burden Index and its association with postural balance and falls among community-dwelling older adults.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- A protocol for application of OPTIMA-ID to identify potentially inappropriate prescribing in a cohort of older adults with intellectual disability.HRB open research · 2026Article
- Anticholinergic and sedative medications use among community dwelling older adults: risk for polypharmacy and poor physical function.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Ten-Year Outcomes of Anticholinergic Use Among Older Adults With Intellectual Disability: Findings From the Intellectual Disability Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA).Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2025Article
- Anticholinergic and Sedative Medication Burden in Croatian Older Adults: EuroAgeism Cohort Findings.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- [Study of anticholinergic burden in chronic treatments of outpatients in the Community Pharmacy].Farmaceuticos comunitarios · 2025Observational
- Dynamic changes in medication burden leading to fall and hospital readmissions in older adults: Toward a strategy for improving risk and managing costs.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2025Review
- Constipation-associated factors in outpatients with schizophrenia: A multicenter questionnaire survey.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2024Article
- Anticholinergic load: A commonly neglected and preventable risk to cognition during schizophrenia treatment?Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2024Article
- Association of drug burden index with delirium in community-dwelling older adults with dementia: a longitudinal observational study.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2023Observational
- Drug Burden Index in Older Adults with Psychiatric Illnesses: A Cross-Sectional Study.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2023Article
- Exposure to anticholinergic and sedative medication is associated with impaired functioning in older people with vertigo, dizziness and balance disorders-Results from the longitudinal multicenter study MobilE-TRA.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Rating scales to measure adverse effects of medications in people with intellectual disability: a scoping review.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022Article
- Frailty in older adults with heart disease.Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie · 2022Review
- Polypharmacy in elderly people.Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) · 2022Review
- Reducing Medication Problems among Minority Individuals with Low Socioeconomic Status through Pharmacist Home Visits.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsThe drug burden index (DBI) is a dose-related measure of anticholinergic and sedative drug exposure. This cross-sectional study described DBI in older adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) and the most frequently reported therapeutic classes contributing to DBI and examined associations between higher DBI scores and potential adverse effects as well as physical function.
methodsThis study analysed data from Wave 2 (2013/2014) of the Intellectual Disability Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA), a representative study on the ageing of people with ID in Ireland. Self- and objectively-reported data were collected on medication use and physical health, including health conditions. The Barthel index was the physical function measure.
resultsThe study examined 677 individuals with ID, of whom 644 (95.1%) reported taking medication and 78.6% (n = 532) were exposed to medication with anticholinergic and/or sedative activity. 54.2% (n = 367) were exposed to high DBI score (≥1). Adjusted multivariate regression analysis revealed no significant association between DBI score and daytime dozing, constipation or falls. After adjusting for confounders (sex, age, level of ID, comorbidities, behaviours that challenge, history of falls), DBI was associated with significantly higher dependence in the Barthel index (P = 0.002).
conclusionsThis is the first time DBI has been described in older adults with ID. Scores were much higher than those observed in the general population and higher scores were associated with higher dependence in Barthel index activities of daily living.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.