ArticlePloS one2017
Using systems science to understand the determinants of inequities in healthy eating.
Article in PloS one, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Participatory systems mapping: a review of population health research practice.Health research policy and systems · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic Review on the Impact of Salt-Reduction Initiatives by Socioeconomic Position to Address Health Inequalities in Adult Populations.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- The potential of food environment policies to reduce socioeconomic inequalities in diets and to improve healthy diets among lower socioeconomic groups: an umbrella review.BMC public health · 2022Pooled it
- A System Dynamics Simulation Applied to Healthcare: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Strengthening complex systems for chronic disease prevention: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2019Pooled it
- Improving low fruit and vegetable intake in children: Findings from a system dynamics, community group model building study.PloS one · 2019Trial
- How do supermarkets shape the experience of vulnerable people in Australia's food system? A scoping review.Nutrition & dietetics : the journal of the Dietitians Association of Australia · 2026Article
- Addressing the commercial determinants of unhealthy beverage exposure: a systems thinking approach.Globalization and health · 2026Article
- Goals in Nutrition Science 2025-2030.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Associations of Acculturation With Added Sugars Intake and Weight Status Among Mexican American Adolescents in the United States, NHANES, 2009-2018.Pediatric obesity · 2026Article
- Article
- Causal Loop Diagrams of Food Systems, Diet, and Obesity: A Scoping Review of Methods, Contextual Factors, and Outcomes.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025Article
- Identifying areas for action to create healthier diets in the London Borough of Newham: systems mapping with residents.BMC public health · 2025Article
- How can health be further integrated in urban development policymaking in the United Kingdom? A systems mapping approach.Health research policy and systems · 2025Article
- Systems approaches in public health: beyond mapping the causes.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025Review
- Simulated retail food environments: A literature review of systems science approaches to advance equity in access to healthy diets.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025Review
- Using a systems thinking approach to map the global rise of ultra-processed foods in population diets.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025Review
- Understanding the dynamics driving obesity in socioeconomically deprived urban neighbourhoods: an expert-based systems map.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- [How societal dynamics contribute to obesity in low-income neighbourhoods and how they can be disrupted].TSG : tijdschrift voor gezondheidswetenschappen · 2025Article
- Analysis of how a complex systems perspective is applied in studies on socioeconomic inequalities in health and health behaviour-a call for reporting guidelines.Health research policy and systems · 2024Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSystems thinking has emerged in recent years as a promising approach to understanding and acting on the prevention and amelioration of non-communicable disease. However, the evidence on inequities in non-communicable diseases and their risks factors, particularly diet, has not been examined from a systems perspective. We report on an approach to developing a system oriented policy actor perspective on the multiple causes of inequities in healthy eating.
methodsCollaborative conceptual modelling workshops were held in 2015 with an expert group of representatives from government, non-government health organisations and academia in Australia. The expert group built a systems model using a system dynamics theoretical perspective. The model developed from individual mind maps to pair blended maps, before being finalised as a causal loop diagram.
resultsThe work of the expert stakeholders generated a comprehensive causal loop diagram of the determinants of inequity in healthy eating (the HE2 Diagram). This complex dynamic system has seven sub-systems: (1) food supply and environment; (2) transport; (3) housing and the built environment; (4) employment; (5) social protection; (6) health literacy; and (7) food preferences. DISCUSSION: The HE2 causal loop diagram illustrates the complexity of determinants of inequities in healthy eating. This approach, both the process of construction and the final visualisation, can provide the basis for planning the prevention and amelioration of inequities in healthy eating that engages with multiple levels of causes and existing policies and programs.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.