ReviewCurrent neuropharmacology2019
Targeting Cytokines for Morphine Tolerance: A Narrative Review.
Review in Current neuropharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular targets in bone cancer pain: a systematic review of inflammatory cytokines.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Pooled it
- The neuroimmune-glutamate hypothesis of addiction.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2026Review
- Zonisamide attenuates morphine tolerance in association with reduced spinal TLR4/p38 MAPK signaling.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Impact of antibiotic-induced gut microbiota modulation on morphine analgesia, tolerance, withdrawal, and neurophysiological changes in mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Preventive effects of crocin and meloxicam on morphine withdrawal symptoms in mice: behavioral and biochemical insights.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Article
- C3/C3aR Bridges Spinal Astrocyte-Microglia Crosstalk and Accelerates Neuroinflammation in Morphine-Tolerant Rats.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- The Melatonin Type 2 Receptor Agonist IIK7 Attenuates and Reverses Morphine Tolerance in Neuropathic Pain Rats Through the Suppression of Neuroinflammation in the Spinal Cord.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- The effect of cannabinoid type 2 receptor agonist on morphine tolerance.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2024Review
- Review
- Interleukin-17: A Putative Novel Pharmacological Target for Pathological Pain.Current neuropharmacology · 2024Review
- Could chronic opioid use be an additional risk of hepatic damage in patients with previous liver diseases, and what is the role of microbiome?Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Microglia in morphine tolerance: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Effect of NLRP3 inflammasome induced astrocyte phenotype alteration in morphine tolerance.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Microglial inflammation modulates opioid analgesic tolerance.Journal of neuroscience research · 2023Review
- Suppressing high mobility group box-1 release alleviates morphine tolerance via the adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase/heme oxygenase-1 pathway.Neural regeneration research · 2023Article
- Teneligliptin Co-Infusion Alleviates Morphine Tolerance by Inhibition of Spinal Microglial Cell Activation in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Targeting the nitric oxide/cGMP signaling pathway to treat chronic pain.Neural regeneration research · 2023Review
- UltramicronizedBiomolecules · 2023Article
- The YTHDF1-TRAF6 pathway regulates the neuroinflammatory response and contributes to morphine tolerance and hyperalgesia in the periaqueductal gray.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite its various side effects, morphine has been widely used in clinics for decades due to its powerful analgesic effect. Morphine tolerance is one of the major side effects, hindering its long-term usage for pain therapy. Currently, the thorough cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying morphine tolerance remain largely uncertain.
methodsWe searched the PubMed database with Medical subject headings (MeSH) including 'morphine tolerance', 'cytokines', 'interleukin 1', 'interleukin 1 beta', 'interleukin 6', 'tumor necrosis factor alpha', 'interleukin 10', 'chemokines'. Manual searching was carried out by reviewing the reference lists of relevant studies obtained from the primary search. The searches covered the period from inception to November 1, 2017.
resultsThe expression levels of certain chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly increased in animal models of morphine tolerance. Cytokines and cytokine receptor antagonist showed potent effect of alleviating the development of morphine tolerance.
conclusionCytokines play a fundamental role in the development of morphine tolerance. Therapeutics targeting cytokines may become alternative strategies for the management of morphine tolerance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.