Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29187388›Full record

Trial reportJournal of the American Heart Association2017

Effects of Dark Chocolate and Almonds on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Randomized Controlled-Feeding Trial.

Yujin Lee, Claire E Berryman, Sheila G West, C-Y Oliver Chen, Jeffrey B Blumberg, Karen G Lapsley, Amy G Preston, Jennifer A Fleming, Penny M Kris-Etherton

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01882881 nacompletednot on this map

Effects of Polyphenolic-rich Dark Chocolate/Cocoa and Almonds on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

TypeinterventionalSponsorPenn State UniversityRan2012 to 2016Enrolled48ConditionsCardiovascular DiseaseArmsHealthy American Control Diet, Dark Chocolate/Cocoa Diet, Almond Diet, Dark Chocolate/Cocoa + Almond Diet
NCT03850405 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

Effects of Dark Chocolate on Gut Microbiome and Cholesterol Reduction in Subjects With Moderate Dyslipidemia

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of BariRan2019 to 2020Enrolled40ConditionsDyslipidemias, HypertriglyceridemiaArmsDark Chocolate
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Date Palm Fruit (International journal of molecular sciences · 2021
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Yujin LeeDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.
Claire E BerrymanDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.
Sheila G WestDepartment of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.
C-Y Oliver ChenJean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA.
Jeffrey B BlumbergJean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA.
Karen G LapsleyThe Almond Board of California, Modesto, CA.
Amy G PrestonThe Hershey Company, Hershey, PA.
Jennifer A FlemingDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.
Penny M Kris-EthertonDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA pmk3@psu.edu.
Pennsylvania State University · USAlmond Board of California · USHershey (United States) · USJean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging · USTufts University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundConsumption of almonds or dark chocolate and cocoa has favorable effects on markers of coronary heart disease; however, the combined effects have not been evaluated in a well-controlled feeding study. The aim of this study was to examine the individual and combined effects of consumption of dark chocolate and cocoa and almonds on markers of coronary heart disease risk. METHODS AND

resultsA randomized controlled, 4-period, crossover, feeding trial was conducted in overweight and obese individuals aged 30 to 70 years. Forty-eight participants were randomized, and 31 participants completed the entire study. Each diet period was 4 weeks long, followed by a 2-week compliance break. Participants consumed each of 4 isocaloric, weight maintenance diets: (1) no treatment foods (average American diet), (2) 42.5 g/d of almonds (almond diet [ALD]), (3) 18 g/d of cocoa powder and 43 g/d of dark chocolate (chocolate diet [CHOC]), or (4) all 3 foods (CHOC+ALD). Compared with the average American diet, total cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol after the ALD were lower by 4%, 5%, and 7%, respectively (

conclusionsOur results demonstrate that consumption of almonds alone or combined with dark chocolate under controlled-feeding conditions improves lipid profiles. Incorporating almonds, dark chocolate, and cocoa into a typical American diet without exceeding energy needs may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease. CLINICAL

trial registrationURL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01882881.

Indexed as

ChocolatePrunus dulcisRisk AssessmentAdultAgedBody Mass IndexCardiovascular DiseasesCholesterol, HDLCross-Over StudiesFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedObesityOverweightCholesterol, HDLalmondscardiovascular disease risk factorsdark chocolateflow‐mediated dilationlipids and lipoproteins

Identifiers

PMID29187388
PMCPMC5778992
OpenAlexW2770470488

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.