ReviewMolecular brain2017
Criteria for identifying the molecular basis of the engram (CaMKII, PKMzeta).
Review in Molecular brain, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Myosin IIB Maintains Long-Term Memory.Hippocampus · 2026Article
- Persistently Increased Expression of PKMzeta and Unbiased Gene Expression Profiles Identify Hippocampal Molecular Traces of a Long-Term Active Place Avoidance Memory and "Shadow" Proteins.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Synaptic spine head morphodynamics from graph grammar rules for actin dynamics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Persistently increased expression of PKMzeta and unbiased gene expression profiles identify hippocampal molecular traces of a long-term active place avoidance memory and 'shadow' proteins.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Synaptic rearrangement of NMDA receptors controls memory engram formation and malleability in the cortex.Science advances · 2024Article
- Synapse-specific structural plasticity that protects and refines local circuits during LTP and LTD.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Article
- KIBRA anchoring the action of PKMζ maintains the persistence of memory.Science advances · 2024Article
- CaMKII autophosphorylation is the only enzymatic event required for synaptic memory.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Synaptic memory and CaMKII.Physiological reviews · 2023Review
- Engram neurons: Encoding, consolidation, retrieval, and forgetting of memory.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Review
- Karim Nader and the unification of memory erasure: PKMζ inhibition and reconsolidation blockade.Brain research bulletin · 2023Review
- Article
- Inhibitory postsynaptic density from the lens of phase separation.Oxford open neuroscience · 2022Review
- Proteomics and weighted gene correlated network analysis reveal glutamatergic synapse signaling in diazepam treatment of alcohol withdrawal.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Synaptic memory requires CaMKII.eLife · 2021Article
- Persistent increases of PKMζ in memory-activated neurons trace LTP maintenance during spatial long-term memory storage.The European journal of neuroscience · 2021Article
- Extracellular Metalloproteinases in the Plasticity of Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapses.Cells · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
The engram refers to the molecular changes by which a memory is stored in the brain. Substantial evidence suggests that memory involves learning-dependent changes at synapses, a process termed long-term potentiation (LTP). Thus, understanding the storages process that underlies LTP may provide insight into how the engram is stored. LTP involves induction, maintenance (storage), and expression sub-processes; special tests are required to specifically reveal properties of the storage process. The strongest of these is the Erasure test in which a transiently applied agent that attacks a putative storage molecule may lead to persistent erasure of previously induced LTP/memory. Two major hypotheses have been proposed for LTP/memory storage: the CaMKII and PKM-zeta hypotheses. After discussing the tests that can be used to identify the engram (Necessity test, Saturation/Occlusion test, Erasure test), the status of these hypotheses is evaluated, based on the literature on LTP and memory-guided behavior. Review of the literature indicates that all three tests noted above support the CaMKII hypothesis when done at both the LTP level and at the behavioral level. Taken together, the results strongly suggest that the engram is stored by an LTP process in which CaMKII is a critical memory storage molecule.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.