ReviewNutrients2017
Zinc as a Gatekeeper of Immune Function.
Review in Nutrients, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04103099 (Evaluation of the Impact of the HLNatural, Inc. Immune Support Product in Reducing the Length of Cold Symptoms in Adults Suffering From the Common Cold), which is not on this map. Cited by 366 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of the Impact of the HLNatural, Inc. Immune Support Product in Reducing the Length of Cold Symptoms in Adults Suffering From the Common Cold
Who cites it
366 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 699 citations in OpenAlex.
- Zinc-Induced Hematologic Toxicities: A Systematic Review of Descriptive Studies.Biological trace element research · 2026Pooled it
- Zinc deficiency and zinc/copper ratio imbalance in autism spectrum disorder: a reanalysis of six multinational studies.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Does micronutrient supplementation improve outcomes in adult gastrointestinal surgery patients? A systematic review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Trial
- Adjuvant therapy with zinc supplementation; anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative role in multiple myeloma patients receiving autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a randomized controlled clinical trial.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2024Trial
- COVID-19 prophylaxis with doxycycline and zinc in health care workers: a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2022Trial
- The influence of zinc oxide utilization in ruminants: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Veterinary and animal science · 2026Article
- A Higher Burden of Abnormal Antioxidant-, Nutritional-, and Inflammation-Related Biomarkers Is Associated with Shoulder-Hand Syndrome, Hand Edema, and Short-Term Upper-Limb Outcomes During Stroke Rehabilitation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effects of Organic Zinc Supplementation on Gut Microbiota and Health-Related Biomarkers in Healthy Adult Dogs.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- The Role of Metals and Trace Elements in the Pathogenesis of Osteoarthritis and Other Rheumatic Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Ward-Level Variation and Clinical Correlates of Low Serum Zinc Among Long-Term Care Facility Residents: A Five-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2026Article
- A Narrative Review of Zinc Deficiency-Associated Anemia.Hematology reports · 2026Review
- Changes in the chick liver structure and blood plasma biochemical properties following in ovo administration of acrylamide.Poultry science · 2026Article
- The Dual Role of Zinc Homeostasis in Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogenicity and Host Immune Defense.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Design and Development of Solvent-Sensitive Zn(II)/Al(III) Responsive Chemosensor: Extension to the Real-World Application.ChemPlusChem · 2026Article
- Review
- Dietary L-Arginine and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Improve Growth Performance, Oxidative Status, Immunity, and Intestinal Integrity Indicators in Heat-Stressed Weaned Rabbits.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Phycocyanin Oligopeptide Combined with Selenium and Zinc in LPS-Induced Mice.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Corn processing methods associated with calcium salts of fatty acids and organic minerals preserve gastrointestinal epithelium and mitigates systemic inflammation in beef cattle fed high grain diets.Veterinary research communications · 2026Article
306 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
After the discovery of zinc deficiency in the 1960s, it soon became clear that zinc is essential for the function of the immune system. Zinc ions are involved in regulating intracellular signaling pathways in innate and adaptive immune cells. Zinc homeostasis is largely controlled via the expression and action of zinc "importers" (ZIP 1-14), zinc "exporters" (ZnT 1-10), and zinc-binding proteins. Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of zinc have long been documented, however, underlying mechanisms are still not entirely clear. Here, we report molecular mechanisms underlying the development of a pro-inflammatory phenotype during zinc deficiency. Furthermore, we describe links between altered zinc homeostasis and disease development. Consequently, the benefits of zinc supplementation for a malfunctioning immune system become clear. This article will focus on underlying mechanisms responsible for the regulation of cellular signaling by alterations in zinc homeostasis. Effects of fast zinc flux, intermediate "zinc waves", and late homeostatic zinc signals will be discriminated. Description of zinc homeostasis-related effects on the activation of key signaling molecules, as well as on epigenetic modifications, are included to emphasize the role of zinc as a gatekeeper of immune function.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.