ReviewSports medicine - open2017
Aerobic but not Resistance Exercise Can Induce Inflammatory Pathways via Toll-Like 2 and 4: a Systematic Review.
Review in Sports medicine - open, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- The underlying mechanism of physical exercise on neurodegenerative diseases: the mediating role of psychological stress and resilience: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Immunoregulation induced by autologous serum collected after acute exercise in obese men: a randomized cross-over trial.Scientific reports · 2020Trial
- Vitality capacity association with lifelong aerobic physical activity in older adults.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Inflammaging and Sarcopenia as Interconnected Hallmarks of Aging: Integrative Roles of Bioactive Compounds and Lifestyle Interventions.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Impact of Exercise Modalities on Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Muscles (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Enhancing Muscle Strength and Reducing Inflammation: The Combined Effects of Hydrolyzed House Cricket Protein Supplementation and Concurrent Training in Older Women.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Physical Exercise and the Gut Microbiome: A Bidirectional Relationship Influencing Health and Performance.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Demystifying roles of exercise in immune response regulation against acute respiratory infections: A narrative review.Sports medicine and health science · 2024Review
- Resistance Training Modulates Hippocampal Neuroinflammation and Protects Anxiety-Depression-like Dyad Induced by an Emotional Single Prolonged Stress Model.Molecular neurobiology · 2023Article
- Aerobic Exercise Prevents Chronic Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle of High-Fat Diet Mice.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Pannexin 3 deletion reduces fat accumulation and inflammation in a sex-specific manner.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2022Article
- Exercise training modulates adipokine dysregulations in metabolic syndrome.Sports medicine and health science · 2022Review
- Irisin, Exercise, and COVID-19.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Putting ATM to BED: How Adipose Tissue Macrophages Are Affected by Bariatric Surgery, Exercise, and Dietary Fatty Acids.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Review
- Women's Lives Matter-The Critical Need for Women to Prioritize Optimal Physical Activity to Reduce COVID-19 Illness Risk and Severity.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Exercise-induced modulation of monocytes in breast cancer survivors.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Impact of Olive Oil Supplement Intake on Dendritic Cell Maturation after Strenuous Physical Exercise: A Preliminary Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Physical Exercise Exacerbates Acute Kidney Injury Induced by LPS via Toll-Like Receptor 4.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Article
- Physical Activity and Brain Health.Genes · 2019Review
- Regular Practice of Moderate Physical Activity by Older Adults Ameliorates Their Anti-Inflammatory Status.Nutrients · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOnly a few studies have addressed the relationship between toll-like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR2 and TLR4) and the production of local and systemic cytokines in response to physical exercise, and they have produced conflicting results. We aimed to determine whether acute and chronic exercise outcomes are associated with changes in TLR2 and TLR4 expression and signaling and if so, the mechanisms that connect them.
methodsPubMed database were consulted. This systematic review selected 39 articles, 26 involving humans and 13 based on rodents.
resultsIn acute resistance exercise studies, 75% reported a decrease in TLR4 or TLR2 expression and 25% did not find differences. For chronic resistance exercise studies, 67% reported a reduction of expression and 33% did not find differences. Studies of both types reported reductions in pro-inflammatory cytokines. In acute aerobic exercise studies, 40% revealed a decline in the expression of the receptors, 7% reported no significant difference, 40% showed an increase, and 13% did not evaluate their expression. Fifty-eight percent of studies of chronic aerobic exercise revealed a reduction in expression, 17% did not find a difference, and 25% reported increases; they also suggested that the expression of the receptors might be correlated with that of inflammatory cytokines. In studies on combined exercise, 50% reported a decline in receptors expression and 50% did not find a difference.
conclusionsThe majority of the articles (54%) link different types of exercise to a decline in TLR4 and TLR2 expression. However, aerobic exercise may induce inflammations through its influence on these receptor pathways. Higher levels of inflammation were seen in acute sessions (40%) than regular sessions (25%).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.