Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29184825›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of pharmaceutical investigation

A comparative evaluation of diclofenac sodium transdermal patch, oral diclofenac sodium with intramuscular injections of diclofenac sodium in patients suffering from oral pain: A randomized control trial.

Nallan Csk Chaitanya, P Karunakar, Komali Garlapati, Mounika Yeladandi, Pallavi Bidari, Pratima Soni

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of pharmaceutical investigation. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Nallan Csk ChaitanyaDepartment of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
P KarunakarReader In Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Komali GarlapatiDepartment of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Mounika YeladandiDepartment of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Pallavi BidariDepartment of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Pratima SoniDepartment of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNewer drug delivery systems such as transdermal patches using pain relieving or modifying agents emerged as a mainstream treatment protocol for management of pain on the outpatient basis. The administration of diclofenac 100 mg in the transdermal patch in the patients having dental pain due to periapical/periodontal infections was evaluated. MATERIALS AND

methodsNinety patients of either gender, between 18 and 80 years were divided into 3 groups (Group A - oral medication, Group B - transdermal patch, Group C - intramuscular group). Patients at the Dental Department with pain from periapical/periodontal pathologies were explained about the procedure of analgesia. With written consent, 100 mg diclofenac sodium transdermal patches were prescribed to patients who opted their use in pain control for 2 consecutive days. A visual analog scale was provided for all patients assessing the pain intensity during the study.

resultsSignificant difference in the mean percentage reduction in visual analog scale (VAS) score among the three groups at day 1 and 2 (

conclusionDiclofenac administered through oral and IM routes showed significant improvement in pain relief when compared to the transdermal route. However, diclofenac transdermal patches have shown significant improvement in VAS score between the baseline and consecutive days and can be used in mild pain with lower adverse events.

Indexed as

Alternative drug deliveryanalgesiatablet

Identifiers

PMID29184825
PMCPMC5680648

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.