ArticlePatient related outcome measures2017
Validating the Patient Experience with Treatment and Self-Management (PETS), a patient-reported measure of treatment burden, in people with diabetes.
Article in Patient related outcome measures, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Measuring treatment burden in people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM): a mixed-methods systematic review.BMC primary care · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic literature review of the assessment of treatment burden experienced by patients and their caregivers.BMC geriatrics · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Current Status and Associated Factors of Treatment Burden in Stroke Patients: Mixed-Methods Research With a Convergent Parallel Design.Nursing research and practice · 2026Article
- Disparities in treatment burden in Peru among people with multiple long-term conditions by geography and healthcare facility: A cross-sectional study.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Associations Between Socioeconomic Status and Adherence to Medications in People With Cystic Fibrosis.Pediatric pulmonology · 2025Article
- Unveiling the link: social determinants of health, quality of life, and burden of treatment in heart failure patients.American journal of cardiovascular disease · 2025Article
- Relationship between multimorbidity treatment burden and chronic disease self-efficacy in the elderly population of China.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Exploring treatment burden in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a thematic analysis in china's primary care settings.BMC primary care · 2024Review
- Protocol of a mixed method research design to study medical respite programs for persons experiencing homelessness.PloS one · 2024Article
- The Role of Respect and Collaborative Decision Making on Diabetes Care Factors Among Nonpregnant Women of Reproductive Age With Diabetes in the United States.Journal of patient experience · 2024Article
- Relationship between Treatment Burden, Health Literacy, and Medication Adherence in Older Adults Coping with Multiple Chronic Conditions.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Scoping review of measures of treatment burden in patients with multimorbidity: advancements and current gaps.Journal of clinical epidemiology · 2023Article
- Understanding the treatment burden of people with chronic conditions in Kenya: A cross-sectional analysis using the Patient Experience with Treatment and Self-Management (PETS) questionnaire.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Involving patients in medicines optimisation in general practice: a development study of the "PREparing Patients for Active Involvement in medication Review" (PREPAIR) tool.BMC primary care · 2022Review
- Exploring the ability of self-report measures to identify risk of high treatment burden in chronic disease patients: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2022Article
- The participatory development of a national core set of person-centred diabetes outcome constructs for use in routine diabetes care across healthcare sectors.Research involvement and engagement · 2021Article
- Perceived Benefits, Barriers, and Facilitators of a Digital Patient-Reported Outcomes Tool for Routine Diabetes Care: Protocol for a National, Multicenter, Mixed Methods Implementation Study.JMIR research protocols · 2021Article
- Prevalence of Treatment Burden in the Last Three Years of Life.Journal of palliative medicine · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo validate a comprehensive general measure of treatment burden, the Patient Experience with Treatment and Self-Management (PETS), in people with diabetes.
methodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey study with 120 people diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and at least one additional chronic illness. Surveys included established patient-reported outcome measures and a 48-item version of the PETS, a new measure comprised of multi-item scales assessing the burden of chronic illness treatment and self-care as it relates to nine domains: medical information, medications, medical appointments, monitoring health, interpersonal challenges, health care expenses, difficulty with health care services, role activity limitations, and physical/mental exhaustion from self-management. Internal reliability of PETS scales was determined using Cronbach's alpha. Construct validity was determined through correlation of PETS scores with established measures (measures of chronic condition distress, medication satisfaction, self-efficacy, and global well-being), and known-groups validity through comparisons of PETS scores across clinically distinct groups. In an exploratory test of predictive validity, step-wise regressions were used to determine which PETS scales were most associated with outcomes of chronic condition distress, overall physical and mental health, and medication adherence.
resultsRespondents were 37-88 years old, 59% female, 29% non-white, and 67% college-educated. PETS scales showed good reliability (Cronbach's alphas ≥0.74). Higher PETS scale scores (greater treatment burden) were correlated with more chronic condition distress, less medication convenience, lower self-efficacy, and worse general physical and mental health. Participants less (versus more) adherent to medications and those with more (versus fewer) health care financial difficulties had higher mean PETS scores. Medication burden was the scale that was most consistently associated with well-being and patient-reported adherence.
conclusionThe PETS is a reliable and valid measure for assessing perceived treatment burden in people coping with diabetes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.