ArticleClinical epidemiology2017
Birth weight, sex, and celiac disease: a nationwide twin study.
Article in Clinical epidemiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Celiac Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Therapeutic Strategies.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Review
- Coeliac disease: beyond genetic susceptibility and gluten. A narrative review.Annals of medicine · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveEarlier research suggests that birth weight may be associated with celiac disease (CD), but the direction of association has been unclear potentially due to confounding effect from genetic and intrafamilial factors. Through within-twin analyses, we aimed to minimize confounding effects such as twins that share genetic and early environmental exposures. MATERIALS AND
methodsUsing the Swedish Twin Registry, we examined the birth weight of 146,830 twins according to the CD status. CD was defined as having villous atrophy according to a small intestinal biopsy reports.
resultsThe prevalence of diagnosed CD was 0.5% (n=669), and we included 407 discordant pairs of CD-non-CD twins. Comparing the 669 CD patients with non-CD twins, the association between birth weight and future CD was not statistically significant (odds ratio [OR] per 1000 g increase in birth weight: 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.97-1.38). In males, the association was positive and statistically significant (OR=1.50; 95% CI=1.11-2.02). However, the association was not significant in within-pair analyses for both dizygotic and monozygotic twins and for both sexes.
conclusionThis population-based study found that in male twins, higher birth weight was associated with higher risk of CD. However, when comparing discordant twin pairs in within-twin pair analyses, there was no statistically significant association between birth weight, intrauterine growth, and future risk of CD.
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