ArticleScientific reports2017
All-trans retinoic acid enhances cytotoxicity of CIK cells against human lung adenocarcinoma by upregulating MICA and IL-2 secretion.
Article in Scientific reports, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- LAK to CIK continuum in glioma immunotherapy: a systematic review of efficacy and safety outcomes.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Antitumor Activity of All-Trans Retinoic Acid and Curcumin-Loaded BSA Nanoparticles Against U87 Glioblastoma Cells.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Retinoids as anti-cancer agents and their mechanisms of action.American journal of cancer research · 2022Review
- Dietary Habits in Japanese Patients with Alopecia Areata.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2021Article
- Mechanisms of Resistance to NK Cell Immunotherapy.Cancers · 2020Review
- Non-Genetically Improving the Natural Cytotoxicity of Natural Killer (NK) Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Mechanisms of Intrinsic Tumor Resistance to Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Down-regulation of interleukin-2 predicts poor prognosis and associated with immune escape in lung adenocarcinoma.International journal of immunopathology and pharmacologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To determine the growth inhibition capability of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) with cytokine-induced killer cells (CIKs), we evaluated their effects, alone and in combination, on human lung carcinoma A549 cells. CIKs treated with ATRA significantly inhibited cell growth. Additionally, CIK with ATRA synergistically inhibited migration and invasiveness, colony formation of A549 and NCI-H520 cells. Furthermore, analysis of apoptosis markers Bcl-2, Bax, Survivin and cleaved Caspase-3 showed that Bcl-2 and Survivin mRNA levels significantly decreased, and that Bax mRNA significantly increased, in the CIK + ATRA-treated cells, with corresponding effects on their respective proteins. The involved mechanisms may be associated with upregulated expression of MHC class I-Related Chain (MICA) and interleukin (IL)-2. These results suggest that administration of combined CIK and ATRA is a potentially novel treatment for lung carcinoma.
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Registered trials
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