ArticleJournal of neurovirology2018
Persistence of SIV in the brain of SIV-infected Chinese rhesus macaques with or without antiretroviral therapy.
Article in Journal of neurovirology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Different roles of frontal versus striatal atrophy in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Human brain mapping · 2019Pooled it
- Modeling Virus-Associated Central Nervous System Disease in Non-Human Primates.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Immune Alterations and Viral Reservoir Atlas in SIV-Infected Chinese Rhesus Macaques.Infectious disease reports · 2025Review
- Regional Analysis of Intact and Defective HIV Proviruses in the Brain of Viremic and Virally Suppressed People with HIV.Annals of neurology · 2023Article
- Advancing the preclinical study of comorbid neuroHIV and substance use disorders: Current perspectives and future directions.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2023Review
- Advances in HIV therapeutics and cure strategies: findings obtained through non-human primate studies.Journal of neurovirology · 2023Review
- Myelin regulatory factor is a target of individual and interactive effects of HIV-1 Tat and morphine in the striatum and pre-frontal cortex.Journal of neurovirology · 2023Article
- Duration of antiretroviral therapy impacts the degree of residual SIV infection in the gut in long-term non-progressing Chinese rhesus macaques.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- Intact HIV Proviruses Persist in the Brain Despite Viral Suppression with ART.Annals of neurology · 2022Article
- Neuroinflammatory Profiling in SIV-Infected Chinese-Origin Rhesus Macaques on Antiretroviral Therapy.Viruses · 2022Article
- Systems biology analyses reveal enhanced chronic morphine distortion of gut-brain interrelationships in simian human immunodeficiency virus infected rhesus macaques.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Longitudinal white matter alterations in SIVmac239-infected rhesus monkeys with and without regular cART treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Article
- Advances in SIV/SHIV Non-Human Primate Models of NeuroAIDS.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Early prediction of putamen imaging features in HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment syndrome.BMC neurology · 2021Article
- The Brain Retains: Nonhuman Primate Models for Pediatric HIV-1 in the CNS.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2020Review
- Article
- BCL6 Inhibitor-Mediated Downregulation of Phosphorylated SAMHD1 and T Cell Activation Are Associated with Decreased HIV Infection and Reactivation.Journal of virology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Persistence of HIV-1 reservoirs in the central nervous system (CNS) is an obstacle to cure strategies. However, little is known about residual viral distribution, viral replication levels, and genetic diversity in different brain regions of HIV-infected individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Because myeloid cells particularly microglia are likely major reservoirs in the brain, and more microglia exist in white matter than gray matter in a human brain, we hypothesized the major viral reservoirs in the brain are the white matter reflected by higher levels of viral DNA. To address the issue, we used the Chinese rhesus macaque (ChRM) model of SIV infection, and treated 11 SIVmac251-infected animals including long-term nonprogressors with cART for up to 24 weeks. SIV reservoirs were assessed by SIV DNA levels in 16 specific regions of the brain and 4 regions of spinal cord. We found relatively high frequencies of SIV in basal ganglia and brain stem compared to other regions. cART-receiving animals had significantly lower SIV DNA levels in the gray matter than white matter. Moreover, a shortened envelope gp120 with 21 nucleotide deletions and guanine-to-adenine hypermutations were observed. These results demonstrate that SIV enters the CNS in SIV-infected ChRM with a major reservoir in the white matter after cART; the SIV/ChRM/cART is an appropriate model for studying HIV CNS reservoirs and testing new eradication strategies. Further, examining multiple regions of the CNS may be needed when assessing whether an agent is successful in reducing the size of SIV reservoirs in the CNS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.