ReviewNeuropharmacology2018
Intranasal insulin in Alzheimer's disease: Food for thought.
Review in Neuropharmacology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05613491 (Intranasal Insulin Improves Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorders in Elderly Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Intranasal Insulin Improves Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorders in Elderly Patients: a Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Outcomes and clinical implications of intranasal insulin on cognition in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy of intranasal insulin in improving cognition in mild cognitive impairment or dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Intranasal Insulin Attenuates the Long-Term Adverse Effects of Neonatal Hyperglycemia on the Hippocampus in Rats.Developmental neuroscience · 2022Trial
- Extracellular Vesicle Biomarkers Track Cognitive Changes Following Intranasal Insulin in Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2019Trial
- Brain insulin resistance as a driver of proteinopathy in neurodegeneration: from cell-type-specific mechanisms to targeted therapeutics.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Multi-elemental fingerprinting of the human brain: distribution of toxic, essential, and rare earth elements across neocortical, limbic, and subcortical regions.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Genetic prioritisation of candidate drug targets for glaucoma through multi-trait and multi-omics integration.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2025Article
- The Nasal-Brain Drug Delivery Route: Mechanisms and Applications to Central Nervous System Diseases.MedComm · 2025Review
- Insulin resistance in Alzheimer's disease: signalling mechanisms and therapeutics strategies.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- Patient with recurrent grade 4 astrocytoma responding favorably to intranasal delivery of NEO100, highly pure perillyl alcohol: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2025Article
- Nose to brain strategy coupled to nano vesicular system for natural products delivery: Focus on synaptic plasticity in Alzheimer's disease.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2024Review
- Schisandrin A Alleviates Spatial Learning and Memory Impairment in Diabetic Rats by Inhibiting Inflammatory Response and Through Modulation of the PI3K/AKT Pathway.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Synthesis of a Rivastigmine and Insulin Combinational Mucoadhesive Nanoparticle for Intranasal Delivery.Polymers · 2024Article
- Mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in elderly diabetes mellitus and a systematic review of its clinical application.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Intranasal insulin treatment partially corrects the altered gene expression profile in the hippocampus of developing rats with perinatal iron deficiency.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2023Article
- Sex differences in metabolic phenotype and hypothalamic inflammation in the 3xTg-AD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.Biology of sex differences · 2023Article
- Tirzepatide ameliorates spatial learning and memory impairment through modulation of aberrant insulin resistance and inflammation response in diabetic rats.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Selective breeding for physical inactivity produces cognitive deficitsFrontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
- Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis to investigate the mechanism of intranasal insulin treatment in a rat model of vascular dementia.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Alzheimer's Disease: Shared Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Common Therapeutic Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that disrupted brain insulin signaling promotes the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), driving clinicians to target this circuitry. While both traditional and more modern antidiabetics show promise in combating insulin resistance, intranasal insulin appears to be the most efficient method of boosting brain insulin. Furthermore, intranasal delivery elegantly avoids adverse effects from peripheral insulin administration. However, there remain significant open questions regarding intranasal insulin's efficacy, safety, and potential as an adjunct or mono-therapy. Thus, this review aims to critically evaluate the present evidence and future potential of intranasal insulin as a meaningful treatment for AD. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Metabolic Impairment as Risk Factors for Neurodegenerative Disorders.'
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.