ArticleAmerican journal of physical anthropology2018
Body size and allometric variation in facial shape in children.
Article in American journal of physical anthropology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Shared genetic basis and structure of syndromic and normal facial variation.American journal of human genetics · 2026Article
- Measuring sexual dimorphism in human faces.Journal of anatomy · 2026Article
- Article
- Charting facial growth and development for Bantu Africans: Central tendencies, variational properties and sexual dimorphisms.Journal of anatomy · 2024Article
- Population affinity and variation of sexual dimorphism in three-dimensional facial forms: comparisons between Turkish and Japanese populations.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- How and why patterns of sexual dimorphism in human faces vary across the world.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Statistical shape analysis of hand and wrist in paediatric population on radiographsTurkish journal of medical sciences · 2020Article
- Evolution of multivariate wing allometry in schizophoran flies (Diptera: Schizophora).Journal of evolutionary biology · 2020Article
- Article
- Integration and the Developmental Genetics of Allometry.Integrative and comparative biology · 2019Review
- 3D stereophotogrammetry versus traditional craniofacial anthropometry: Comparing measurements from the 3D facial norms database to Farkas's North American norms.American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics · 2019Article
- Article
- 3D analysis of child facial dimensions for design of medical devices in low-middle income countries (LMIC).PloS one · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesMorphological integration, or the tendency for covariation, is commonly seen in complex traits such as the human face. The effects of growth on shape, or allometry, represent a ubiquitous but poorly understood axis of integration. We address the question of to what extent age and measures of size converge on a single pattern of allometry for human facial shape.
methodsOur study is based on two large cross-sectional cohorts of children, one from Tanzania and the other from the United States (N = 7,173). We employ 3D facial imaging and geometric morphometrics to relate facial shape to age and anthropometric measures.
resultsThe two populations differ significantly in facial shape, but the magnitude of this difference is small relative to the variation within each group. Allometric variation for facial shape is similar in both populations, representing a small but significant proportion of total variation in facial shape. Different measures of size are associated with overlapping but statistically distinct aspects of shape variation. Only half of the size-related variation in facial shape can be explained by the first principal component of four size measures and age while the remainder associates distinctly with individual measures.
conclusionsAllometric variation in the human face is complex and should not be regarded as a singular effect. This finding has important implications for how size is treated in studies of human facial shape and for the developmental basis for allometric variation more generally.
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