Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29178469›Full record

ArticleChild development2018

Multiracial in Middle School: The Influence of Classmates and Friends on Changes in Racial Self-Identification.

Leslie Echols, Jerreed Ivanich, Sandra Graham

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Child development, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Examining racial identity invalidation and well-being among Biracial adolescents using the identity capital model.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2025
    Article
  3. Predictors of Biracial adolescent racial self-categorization when confronted with monoracist demographic forms.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Leslie EcholsMissouri State University.
Jerreed IvanichUniversity of Nebraska.
Sandra GrahamUniversity of California, Los Angeles.

Funding

Psychosocial Benefits of Ethnic Diversity in Urban Middle SchoolsR01HD059882 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI GRAHAM, SANDRA H · 2010 to 2018
$5.3M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD059882
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In the present research, the influence of racial diversity among classmates and friends on changes in racial self-identification among multiracial youth was examined (n = 5,209; M

Indexed as

Self ConceptSocial IdentificationAdolescentAsianBlack or African AmericanCaliforniaCultural DiversityFemaleFriendsHispanic or LatinoHumansLongitudinal StudiesMalePeer GroupSchoolsStudents

Identifiers

PMID29178469
PMCPMC6105562

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.