ArticleGlia2018
Sox2 regulates astrocytic and vascular development in the retina.
Article in Glia, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- The m 6 A writer VIRMA regulates the developmental elimination of retinal astrocytes and retinal vascular integrity maintenance.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Smarcc1 drives optic stalk patterning and optic nerve head astrocyte differentiation.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal Immune Dynamics in Experimental Retinal Ganglion Cell Injury Models.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Review
- SoxB1 transcription factors are essential for initiating and maintaining neural plate border gene expression.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2024Article
- Article
- SOX2-positive retinal stem cells are identified in adult human pars plicata by single-cell transcriptomic analyses.MedComm · 2023Article
- Features of Retinal Neurogenesis as a Key Factor of Age-Related Neurodegeneration: Myth or Reality?International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- NRLStem cells (Dayton, Ohio) · 2021Article
- Article
- The optic nerve lamina region is a neural progenitor cell niche.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Retinal blood vessel-origin yes-associated protein (YAP) governs astrocytic maturation via leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF).Cell proliferation · 2020Article
- Large-scale death of retinal astrocytes during normal development is non-apoptotic and implemented by microglia.PLoS biology · 2019Article
- More than just Stem Cells: Functional Roles of the Transcription Factor Sox2 in Differentiated Glia and Neurons.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- AAVProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Article
- SOX2 haploinsufficiency promotes impaired vision at advanced age.Oncotarget · 2018Article
- Bistratified starburst amacrine cells in Sox2 conditional knockout mouse retina display ON and OFF responses.Journal of neurophysiology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sox2 is a transcriptional regulator that is highly expressed in retinal astrocytes, yet its function in these cells has not previously been examined. To understand its role, we conditionally deleted Sox2 from the population of astrocytes and examined the consequences on retinal development. We found that Sox2 deletion does not alter the migration of astrocytes, but it impairs their maturation, evidenced by the delayed upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) across the retina. The centro-peripheral gradient of angiogenesis is also delayed in Sox2-CKO retinas. In the mature retina, we observed lasting abnormalities in the astrocytic population evidenced by the sporadic loss of GFAP immunoreactivity in the peripheral retina as well as by the aberrant extension of processes into the inner retina. Blood vessels in the adult retina are also under-developed and show a decrease in the frequency of branch points and in total vessel length. The developmental relationship between maturing astrocytes and angiogenesis suggests a causal relationship between the astrocytic loss of Sox2 and the vascular architecture in maturity. We suggest that the delay in astrocytic maturation and vascular invasion may render the retina hypoxic, thereby causing the abnormalities we observe in adulthood. These studies uncover a novel role for Sox2 in the development of retinal astrocytes and indicate that its removal can lead to lasting changes to retinal homeostasis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.