Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29178239›Full record

Trial reportAddiction (Abingdon, England)2018

Communities mobilizing for change on alcohol (CMCA): secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial showing effects of community organizing on alcohol acquisition by youth in the Cherokee nation.

Alexander C Wagenaar, Melvin D Livingston, Dallas W Pettigrew, Terrence K Kominsky, Kelli A Komro

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Community Awareness of Outreach Efforts to Reduce Underage Drinking on California Indian Reservations.American Indian and Alaska native mental health research (Online) · 2020
    Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Alexander C WagenaarDepartment of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1674-6774
Melvin D LivingstonDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Health Sciences Center, University of North Texas, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
Dallas W PettigrewAnne and Henry Zarrow School of Social Work, University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Terrence K KominskyCherokee Nation Behavioral Health, Tahlequah, OK, USA.
Kelli A KomroDepartment of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Funding

Cherokee Nation Prevention Trial: Interactive Effects of Environment & SBIRTR01AA020695 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI KOMRO, KELLI ANN · 2011 to 2015
$4.8M
NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA020695
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsWe evaluated the effects of a community organizing intervention, Communities Mobilizing for Change on Alcohol (CMCA), on the propensity of retail alcohol outlets to sell alcohol to young buyers without age identification and on alcohol acquisition behaviors of underage youth.

designRandom assignment of community to treatment (n = 3) or control (n = 2). Student surveys were conducted four times per year for 3 years; the cohort was in 9th and 10th grades in the 2012-13 academic year. Alcohol purchase attempts were conducted every 4 weeks at alcohol retailers in each community (31 repeated waves).

settingThe Cherokee Nation, located in northeastern Oklahoma, USA.

participantsA total of 1399 high school students (50% male; 45% American Indian) and 113 stores licensed to sell alcohol across five study communities.

interventionLocal community organizers formed independent citizen action teams to advance policies, procedures and practices of local institutions in ways to reduce youth access to alcohol and foster community norms opposed to teen drinking. MEASUREMENTS: Perceptions regarding police enforcement and perceived difficulty of and self-reported actual acquisition of alcohol from parents, adults, peers and stores.

findingsAlcohol purchases by young-appearing buyers declined significantly, an 18 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 3, 33] percentage-point reduction over the intervention period. Student survey results show statistically significant differences in the trajectory of perceived police enforcement, increasing 7 (4, 10) percentage points, alcohol acquisition from parents, decreasing 4 (0.1, 8) percentage points, acquisition from 21+ adults, decreasing 6 (0.04, 11) percentage points, from < 21 peers decreasing 8 (3, 13) percentage points and acquisition from stores decreasing 5 (1, 9) percentage points.

conclusionsA community organizing intervention, Communities Mobilizing for Change on Alcohol (CMCA), is effective in reducing the availability of alcohol to underage youth in the United states. Furthermore, results indicate that the previously reported significant effects of CMCA on teen drinking operate, at least in part, through effects on alcohol access.

Indexed as

Community ParticipationIndians, North AmericanAdolescentAlcoholic BeveragesFemaleHumansMaleOklahomaUnderage DrinkingAlcohol accessCherokee nationcluster randomized trialcommunity organizingintensive longitudinalnative AmericanRCTyouth drinking prevention

Identifiers

PMID29178239
PMCPMC5847450

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.