ArticleJournal of autism and developmental disorders2018
Refractive Status and Amblyopia Risk Factors in Chinese Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Article in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Convergent genetic pathways linking neuropsychiatric and ocular disorders in children.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- Visual function and autism spectrum disorder.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Refractive Errors, Amblyopia Risk, and Prenatal Factors in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Refractive Errors and Ocular Biometric Parameters in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Handan: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Parallel paths: A narrative review exploring autism and its co-occurring conditions.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2025Review
- Evaluation of ocular findings in children with autism spectrum disorder: Observational study.Medicine · 2025Observational
- Development and Impact of a Communication Module on Eye Examination Testability Among Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Strabismus in Genetic Syndromes: A Review.Clinical & experimental ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Brief Report: The Characterization of Medical Comorbidity Prior to Autism Diagnosis in Children Before Age Two.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2023Article
- Refractive errors and ocular findings in children and adolescents with mental disorders: a retrospective study.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Visual consciousness dynamics in adults with and without autism.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Neural Mechanisms of Visual Motion Anomalies in Autism: A Two-Decade Update and Novel Aetiology.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Review
- School-based epidemiology study of myopia in Tianjin, China.International ophthalmology · 2020Article
- Ophthalmological findings in children with autism spectrum disorder.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2020Article
- Clinical Performance of the Spot Vision Photo Screener before and after Induction of Cycloplegia in Children.Journal of ophthalmology · 2019Article
- Amblyopia risk factors in congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction: A longitudinal case-control study.PloS one · 2019Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Amblyopia risk factors in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are usually hard to detect in early childhood due to poor cooperation and has not been reported in the Chinese population. We screened 168 Chinese children with ASD, aged between 3 and 8 years, and 264 age-matched neurotypical children with Spot photoscreener and basic ophthalmologic examinations. Children with ASD were found to have normal refractive status but significantly higher incidence of strabismus (16.1%), compared with control children (1.5%) (p < 0.01). Most of the cases of strabismus found in children with ASD were classified as esodeviation. Strabismus in children with ASD should be considered more seriously as an amblyopia risk factor by ophthalmologists and other healthcare professionals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.