SynthesisInternational journal of public health2018
The association of unemployment with glucose metabolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations Between Employment and Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Reviews.Journal of occupational rehabilitation · 2026Pooled it
- A review of the 257 meta-analyses of the differences between females and males in prevalence and risk, protective factors, and treatment outcomes for mental disorder.BMC psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- The Impact of Economic Distress on Primary Headache Visits Under the Strain of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- [Prevalence and socio-medical performance among unemployed people in Germany - Analysis of data of the Medical Service of the Federal Employment Agency].Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, medizinische Psychologie · 2026Article
- [Regional characteristics of diagnoses of unemployed people under socio-medical assessments by the Medical Service of the Federal Employment Agency].Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany)) · 2026Article
- Unemployment during life can lead to metabolic syndrome in adult age. A 40-year follow-up of the Northern Swedish Cohort.European journal of public health · 2026Article
- Diabetes knowledge and socio-economic status among adults with type 2 diabetes.Medicine and pharmacy reports · 2026Article
- Social Determinants Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy Awareness: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2008).American journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of prediabetes among primary health care attendees in the West bank of Palestine: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic disparities in diabetes prevalence among the population in Ireland.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Lifestyle Interventions for Treatment and Remission of Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes in Adults: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Lifestyle Medicine.American journal of lifestyle medicine · 2025Article
- Social determinants of health and type 2 diabetes in Asia.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025Review
- Diurnal timing of physical activity in relation to obesity and diabetes in the German National Cohort (NAKO).International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Observational
- Incident type 2 diabetes and its risk factors in men and women aged 40-60 years from four sub-Saharan African countries: results from the AWI-Gen study.The Lancet. Global health · 2025Article
- [Socio-medical assessment: an inventory of the Medical Service of the Federal Employment Agency].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2024Article
- Associations Between Sociodemographic Variables, Social Determinants of Health, and Diabetes: Findings From a Congregational Health Needs Assessment.American journal of health promotion : AJHP · 2024Article
- Role of diet and exercise in aging, Alzheimer's disease, and other chronic diseases.Ageing research reviews · 2023Review
- Perspective: Acknowledging a Hierarchy of Social Needs in Diabetes Clinical Care and Prevention.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Article
- Unemployed individuals contact GPs more frequently but report lower satisfaction: results of the population-based DEGS1 and the GPCare-1 patient survey.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Non-financial social determinants of diabetes among public assistance recipients in Japan: A cohort study.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesUnemployment has been linked with poor health. We hypothesized that being unemployed is associated with disorders of glucose metabolism and performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to ascertain the relationship.
methodsWe searched the databases of Scopus, Medline Ovid and Web of Science for population-based original studies for past 20 years. Random effects meta-analyses were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes among the unemployed as compared to those employed, separately for men and women when possible.
resultsOut of 981 articles found, 12 articles were included in the systematic review and eight articles in the meta-analyses. Unemployment was associated with 1.6-fold odds for prediabetes (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.07-2.35), and 1.7-fold odds for type 2 diabetes (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.14-2.58) in the total sample. The corresponding associations for type 2 diabetes were also found stratified for men (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.47-1.60) and women (OR 1.60; 95% CI 1.33-1.92).
conclusionsUnemployment is associated with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, global concerns of public health with potential for prevention.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.