Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29168067›Full record

ArticleAIDS and behavior2018

Continued Transmission of HIV Among Young Adults Who Inject Drugs in San Francisco: Still Room for Improvement.

Ali Mirzazadeh, Jennifer L Evans, Judith A Hahn, Jennifer Jain, Alya Briceno, Stephen Shiboski, Paula J Lum, Christopher Bentsen, Geoff Davis, Kathy Shriver and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in AIDS and behavior, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Brief Report: HIV Incidence Among People Who Inject Drugs, San Francisco, 2022.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Ali MirzazadehDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA. ali.mirzazadeh@ucsf.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-0478-3220
Jennifer L EvansDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
Judith A HahnDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
Jennifer JainDepartment of Global Public Health and Infectious Disease, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Alya BricenoDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
Stephen ShiboskiDivision of HIV, Infectious Disease, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 995 Potrero Avenue, Building 80, Ward 84, San Francisco, CA, 94110, USA.
Paula J LumDepartment of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Christopher BentsenBio-Rad Laboratories, Redmond, WA, USA.
Geoff DavisBio-Rad Laboratories, Redmond, WA, USA.
Kathy ShriverBio-Rad Laboratories, Redmond, WA, USA.
Melanie DimapasocBlood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Mars StoneBlood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Michael P BuschBlood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Kimberly PageEpidemiology, Biostatistics and Preventive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
University of California, San Francisco · USBio-Rad (United States) · USBlood Systems Research Institute · USSan Francisco General Hospital · USUniversity of California San Diego · USUniversity of New Mexico · US

Funding

Acute Hepatitis C Infection in Young InjectorsR01DA016017 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO HEALTH SCIS CTR · PI PAGE, KIMBERLY · 2002 to 2018
$14.0M
Training Program in Substance Use, HIV and Related InfectionsT32DA023356 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Natasha Martin, Steffanie A Strathdee · 2007 to 2026
$7.8M
Int'l Traineeships in AIDS Prevention Studies (ITAPS)R25MH064712 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI LINDAN, CHRISTINA P · 2002 to 2018
$3.4M
Training in Research Program on Alcohol Use by Persons with our at Risk for HIVK24AA022586 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI HAHN, JUDITH ALISSA · 2013 to 2023
$1.8M
NIAAA NIH HHS K24 AA022586NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA016017NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA023356NIMH NIH HHS R25 MH064712
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We measured HIV incidence rate, trend and risk factors in 564 HIV-negative young people (< 30 years) who inject drugs (PWID) in San Francisco between 2000 and 2014. HIV incidence was 0.93/100 person-years (PY; 95% CI 0.50, 1.73). Incidence varied between 0.62/100 PY in 2000-2002 and 1.06/100 PY in 2012-2014 (P for trend = 1.0). HIV incidence varied significantly (P < 0.01) by race/ethnicity: among Hispanics it was 8.19/100 PY (95% CI 3.41, 19.68), African-Americans 4.59/100 PY (95% CI 1.15, 18.37), and Whites 0.26/100 PY (95% CI 0.06, 1.03). Male participants who reported sex with men (MSM) had higher HIV incidence (2.63/100 PY; 95% CI 1.31, 5.25) compared to males who did not report MSM (0.50/100 PY; 95% CI 0.12, 1.99) (P = 0.01). Despite an overall stable HIV incidence trend, incidence was elevated among African-American and Hispanic PWID, and men who have sex with men. Addressing prevention needs in these key populations is critical for the goal of eliminating HIV transmission.

Indexed as

AdolescentBlack or African AmericanCohort StudiesDrug UsersHeterosexualityHispanic or LatinoHIV InfectionsHomosexuality, MaleHumansIncidenceMaleSan FranciscoSexual BehaviorSubstance Abuse, IntravenousWhite PeopleYoung AdultCohort studiesDrug usersEpidemiologyHIVIncidenceInjectionSan FranciscoYoung adults

Identifiers

PMID29168067
PMCPMC6054135
OpenAlexW2768611407

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.