ArticleInternational forum of allergy & rhinology2018
Investigation of the abnormal nasal aerodynamics and trigeminal functions among empty nose syndrome patients.
Article in International forum of allergy & rhinology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06020937 (Olfactory and Trigeminal Functions in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 31 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Olfactory and Trigeminal Functions in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Airflow Characteristics of Empty Nose Syndrome: Insights From Patient-Specific Computational Modeling of Airflow Distribution Patterns and Nasal Air-Conditioning.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2026Article
- Unique Features of Nasal Airway and Airflow Improvement Post-Dupilumab: A Computational Cohort Study.The Laryngoscope · 2026Article
- Nasal Air-Jet Sensitivity Differentiates Empty Nose Syndrome and Turbinate Reduction Patients: A Pilot Study.The Laryngoscope · 2026Article
- Treatment Outcomes of the Inferior Meatus Augmentation Procedure With Autologous Costal Cartilage for Empty Nose Syndrome.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2026Article
- Computational Fluid Dynamics and Virtual Septoplasty in Nasal Airway Obstruction: A Narrative Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Does Total Turbinectomy Always Lead to Empty Nose Syndrome? A Computational Virtual Surgery Study.The Laryngoscope · 2025Article
- Implications of Intranasal Trigeminal Nerve Function on the Surgical Management of Nasal Obstruction.ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties · 2025Review
- Oxymetazoline as a predictor of turbinate reduction surgery outcomes: Objective support from a prospective, single-blinded, computational fluid dynamics study.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2024Article
- Tissue specific stem cell therapy for airway regeneration.Cell proliferation · 2024Article
- Surgical and Regenerative Treatment Options for Empty Nose Syndrome: A Systematic Review.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2024Article
- Computational Rhinology: Unraveling Discrepancies between In Silico and In Vivo Nasal Airflow Assessments for Enhanced Clinical Decision Support.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Trigeminal Function in Sino-Nasal Health and Disease.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Olfactory Function and Olfactory Disorders.Laryngo- rhino- otologie · 2023Article
- Identifying Residual Psychological Symptoms after Nasal Reconstruction Surgery in Patients with Empty Nose Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Turbinate surgery: which rhinitis are most at risk.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2022Article
- Comparison of SNOT-25 and ENS6Q in evaluating patients with empty nose syndrome.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2022Article
- Evidence of Nasal Cooling and Sensory Impairments Driving Patient Symptoms With Septal Deviation.The Laryngoscope · 2022Article
- Suicidal thoughts in patients with empty nose syndrome.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2022Article
- 3D printed transwell-integrated nose-on-chip model to evaluate effects of air flow-induced mechanical stresses on mucous secretion.Biomedical microdevices · 2022Article
- The Empty Nose Syndrome: a pragmatic classification in clinical practice.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAbnormal nasal aerodynamics or trigeminal functions have been frequently implicated in the symptomology of empty nose syndrome (ENS), yet with limited evidence.
methodsIndividual computed tomography (CT)-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was applied to 27 ENS patients to simulate their nasal aerodynamics and compared with 42 healthy controls. Patients' symptoms were confirmed with Empty Nose Syndrome 6-item Questionnaire (ENS6Q), 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22), and Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scores. Nasal trigeminal sensitivity was measured with menthol lateralization detection thresholds (LDTs).
resultsENS patients had significantly lower (∼25.7%) nasal resistance and higher (∼2.8 times) cross-sectional areas compared to healthy controls (both p < 0.001). Despite inferior turbinate reductions, CFD analysis demonstrated that ENS patients had increased airflow concentrated in the middle meatus region (66.5% ± 18.3%) compared to healthy controls (49.9% ± 15.1%, p < 0.0001). Significantly less airflow (25.8% ± 17.6%) and lower peak wall shear stress (WSS) (0.58 ± 0.24 Pa) were found in the inferior meatus (vs healthy: 36.5% ± 15.9%; 1.18 ± 0.81 Pa, both p < 0.05), with the latter significantly correlated with the symptom scores of ENS6Q (r = -0.398, p = 0.003). Item-wise, complaints of "suffocation" and "nose feels too open" were also found to be significantly correlated with peak WSS around the inferior turbinate (r = -0.295, p = 0.031; and r = -0.388, p = 0.004, respectively). These correlations were all negative, indicating that less air-mucosal stimulations resulted in worse symptom scores. ENS patients (n = 12) also had impaired menthol LDT when compared to healthy controls (p < 0.0001).
conclusionThis is the first CFD examination of nasal aerodynamics in a large cohort of ENS patients. The results indicated that a combination of loss of neural sensitivity and poorer inferior air-mucosal stimulation may potentially lead to ENS symptomology.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.