ArticleAlimentary pharmacology & therapeutics2018
Market share and costs of biologic therapies for inflammatory bowel disease in the USA.
Article in Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 179 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) Inhibitors in Modulating Inflammatory Markers in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Systematic review: societal cost of illness of inflammatory bowel disease is increasing due to biologics and varies between continents.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2021Pooled it
- Systematic Review: Non-medical Switching of Infliximab to CT-P13 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Communicating Information Regarding IBD Remission to Patients: Evidence From a Survey of Adult Patients in the United States.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2025Trial
- Clinical Pharmacist Counselling Improves Long-term Medication Safety and Patient-reported Outcomes in Anti-TNF-treated Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: The Prospective, Randomized AdPhaNCED Trial.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2025Trial
- Daily, oral FMT for long-term maintenance therapy in ulcerative colitis: results of a single-center, prospective, randomized pilot study.BMC gastroenterology · 2021Trial
- Trends in the use of biologic agents and their persistence rates in inflammatory bowel disease in India.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Shared CD4+ T cell receptor specificity groups in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Escalating anti-tumour necrosis factor exposure with reductions in surgical resection rates in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease: an 18-year real-world population-based cohort study.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2026Article
- A Focused Comparative Review of Innovative Therapeutics Across Autoimmune and Chronic Inflammatory Diseases.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Temporal Trends in Medical and Surgical Management of Ulcerative Colitis in England: 2003-2020.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Cost calculation model of introducing Upadacitinib and Risankizumab for adult ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association · 2026Article
- Association of the TNFRSF1B-rs1061622 variant with nonresponse to infliximab in ulcerative colitis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Clinical Utility of Precision-Guided Dosing for Adalimumab Therapy Optimization in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Clinical Experience Program.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Variation Between Hospitals in Outcomes and Costs of IBD Care: Results From the IBD Value Study.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2025Article
- Association of Race and Postoperative Outcomes in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2025Article
- The Cell-Specific Effects of JAK1 Inhibitors in Ulcerative Colitis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Evaluation of the clinical utility of measuring serum infliximab and vedolizumab concentrations during monitoring of biologic therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.Przeglad gastroenterologiczny · 2025Article
- Cost Effectiveness of Sequencing Vedolizumab as First-Line Biologic in Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease in Canada: An Analysis Using Real-World Evidence from the EVOLVE Study.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2025Article
- Budget impact analysis of including biosimilar adalimumab on formulary: A United States payer perspective.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2024Article
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundReal-world data quantifying the costs of increasing use of biologics in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are unknown.
aimTo determine the outpatient IBD drug utilization trends, relative market share, and costs in the USA during a 9-year period.
methodsThe Truven MarketScan
resultsIn 415 405 patients (188 842 CD; 195 183 UC; 31 380 indeterminate colitis; 54.67% female), utilization trends show a consistent rise in the market share of biologics during the 9-year study period. The proportion of patients using biologics increased from 21.8% to 43.8% for CD and 5.1%-16.2% for UC. This contrasts a small decrease in immunomodulator and 5-ASA use for CD and relative constancy of other classes including corticosteroids-only use as primary IBD medication from 2007 to 2015. The average biologic-taking patient accounted for $25 275 PMPY in 2007 and $36 051 PMPY in 2015. The average paediatric biologic-taking patient accounted for $23 616 PMPY in 2007 and $41 109 PMPY in 2015. In all patients, the share of costs for biologics increased from 72.9% in 2007 to 85.7% in 2015 (81.7% in 2007 to 94.9% in 2015 in paediatrics).
conclusionThe vast majority of costs allocated to out-patient IBD medications in the USA is attributed to increasing use of biologic therapies despite the relative minority of biologic-taking patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.