Evidence map›Paper›PMID 29163521›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2017

CD4+ and Perivascular Foxp3+ T Cells in Glioma Correlate with Angiogenesis and Tumor Progression.

Luyan Mu, Changlin Yang, Qiang Gao, Yu Long, Haitao Ge, Gabriel DeLeon, Linchun Jin, Yifan Emily Chang, Elias J Sayour, Jingjing Ji and 9 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. KITENIN-CCL20 axis is a potential therapeutic target for modulating immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in glioblastoma.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026
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  3. Immunotherapy in Glioblastoma.Cancer treatment and research · 2025
    Review
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  6. Obesity and leptin in breast cancer angiogenesis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Systematic analysis of potential targets of the curcumin analog pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1) in overcoming resistance of glioblastoma cells to bevacizumab.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2021
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Luyan MuDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Changlin YangLillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Qiang GaoDepartment of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Yu LongThe Fourth Section of Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Haitao GeThe Fourth Section of Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Gabriel DeLeonLillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Linchun JinThe Fourth Section of Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Yifan Emily ChangLillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Elias J SayourLillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Jingjing JiDepartment of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Jie JiangDepartment of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Paul S KubilisLillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Jiping QiDepartment of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Yunhe GuDepartment of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Jiabin WangThe Fourth Section of Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Yuwen SongDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Duane A MitchellLillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Zhiguo LinThe Fourth Section of Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Jianping HuangLillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
University of Florida · USHarbin Medical University · CNFirst Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University · CNSecond Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University · CNFourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAngiogenesis and immune cell infiltration are key features of gliomas and their manipulation of the microenvironment, but their prognostic significance remains indeterminate. We evaluate the interconnection between tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) and tumor blood-vasculatures in the context of glioma progression.

methodsPaired tumor tissues of 44 patients from three tumor-recurrent groups: diffuse astrocytomas (DA) recurred as DA, DA recurred as glioblastomas (GBM), and GBM recurred as GBM were evaluated by genetic analysis, immunohistochemistry for tumor blood vessel density, TIL subsets, and clinical outcomes. These cells were geographically divided into perivascular and intratumoral TILs. Associations were examined between these TILs, CD34+ tumor blood vessels, and clinical outcomes. To determine key changes in TIL subsets, microarray data of 15-paired tumors from patients who failed antiangiogenic therapy- bevacizumab, and 16-paired tumors from chemo-naïve recurrent GBM were also evaluated and compared.

resultsUpon recurrence in primary gliomas, similar kinetic changes were found between tumor blood vessels and each TIL subset in all groups, but only CD4+ including Foxp3+ TILs, positively correlated with the density of tumor blood vessels. CD4 was the predominant T cell population based on the expression of gene-transcripts in primary GBMs, and increased activated CD4+ T cells were revealed in Bevacizumab-resistant recurrent tumors (not in chemo-naïve recurrent tumors). Among these TILs, 2/3 of them were found in the perivascular niche; Foxp3+ T cells in these niches not only correlated with the tumor vessels but were also an independent predictor of shortened recurrence-free survival (RFS) (HR = 4.199, 95% CI 1.522-11.584,

conclusionThe minimal intratumoral T cell infiltration and low detection of CD8 transcripts expression in primary GBMs can potentially limit antitumor response. CD4+ and perivascular Foxp3+ TILs associate with tumor angiogenesis and tumor progression in glioma patients. Our results suggest that combining antiangiogenic agents with immunotherapeutic approaches may help improve the antitumor efficacy for patients with malignant gliomas.

Indexed as

angiogenesisgliomasprogressionrecurrencetumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

Identifiers

PMID29163521
PMCPMC5673996
OpenAlexW2767960065

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.