ReviewFrontiers in physiology2017
Oxidative Stress in the Local and Systemic Events of Apical Periodontitis.
Review in Frontiers in physiology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 97 citations in OpenAlex.
- Does endodontic treatment modify serum inflammatory markers of cardiovascular risk in individuals with asymptomatic apical periodontitis? a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Pooled it
- Is there any association between the presence of biomarkers and apical periodontitis? A systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of simvastatin versus calcium hydroxide intracanal medications on postoperative pain and cytokine modulation in symptomatic apical periodontitis: a randomized controlled trial.BMC oral health · 2026Trial
- Toxicological evidence that methylmercury exposure amplifies bone destruction and systemic impact associated with apical periodontitis in rats.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Article
- Protective Effects of Mixed Probiotics, Oralis SBAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Potential Association Between Apical Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review of Evidence and Clinical Implications.Anatolian journal of cardiology · 2026Review
- N-Acetylcysteine Reduces Alveolar Bone Loss and Mitigates Systemic Oxidative Damage in Rats With Apical Periodontitis.International endodontic journal · 2026Article
- A New Perspective on Osteogenesis Imperfecta: From Cellular Mechanisms to the Systemic Impact of Collagen Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Role of Oxidative Stress and Total Antioxidant Capacity in the Management of Impacted Third Molars: A Narrative Review.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.) Reduces Oxidative Stress and Bone Resorption in Apical Periodontitis.International endodontic journal · 2026Article
- Apical periodontitis and its association with systemic biomarkers: bibliometric analysis of global scientific production and knowledge compilation map.Odontology · 2026Review
- Effects of Zanthoxyli Pericarpium Extracts on Ligature-Induced Periodontitis and Alveolar Bone Loss in Rats.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Synergistic Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite and Carbon Dioxide AgainstDentistry journal · 2025Article
- Orange peel extract and hesperidin attenuate myeloperoxidase activity and oxidative stress in vitro, with anti-inflammatory effects in vivo: a natural approach to gingival protection.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of alveolar bone preservation and oxidative stress reduction with açai in Wistar rats with induced apical periodontitis.International endodontic journal · 2025Article
- The Role of Nrf2 in the Regulation of Periodontitis, Peri-implantitis, Dentin Infection, and Apical Periodontitis.Biological procedures online · 2025Review
- Balancing the Oral Redox State: Endogenous and Exogenous Sources of Reactive Oxygen Species and the Antioxidant Role of Lamiaceae and Asteraceae.Dentistry journal · 2025Review
- Is there an association between superoxide dismutase gene polymorphisms, antioxidants in oxidative stress pathway, and oral health-related quality of life after root canal treatment?Acta odontologica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Synergistic effect of secondhand smoke and apical periodontitis on lung tissue damage in rats.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Antioxidant potential of wine polyphenols on hematological indices and apical periodontitis in male rats.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory disorders. Apical periodontitis (AP) usually results in the formation of an osteolytic apical lesion (AL) caused by the immune response to endodontic infection. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by phagocytic cells in response to bacterial challenge represent an important host defense mechanism, but disturbed redox balance results in tissue injury. This mini review focuses on the role of oxidative stress in the local and associated systemic events in chronic apical periodontitis. During endodontic infection, ligation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on phagocytes' surface triggers activation, phagocytosis, synthesis of ROS, activation of humoral and cellular responses, and production of inflammatory mediators, such as, cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The increment in ROS perturbs the normal redox balance and shifts cells into a state of oxidative stress. ROS induce molecular damage and disturbed redox signaling, that result in the loss of bone homeostasis, increased pro-inflammatory mediators, and MMP overexpression and activation, leading to apical tissue breakdown. On the other hand, oxidative stress has been strongly involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, where a chronic inflammatory process develops in the arterial wall. Chronic AP is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and especially atherogenesis. The potential mechanisms linking these diseases are also discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.