ArticleFrontiers in neuroanatomy2017
Larger Subcortical Gray Matter Structures and Smaller Corpora Callosa at Age 5 Years in HIV Infected Children on Early ART.
Article in Frontiers in neuroanatomy, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reduced bilateral auditory cortex activation during pure-tone perception in pediatric HIV.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Evidence of functional connectivity disruptions between auditory and non-auditory regions in adolescents living with HIV.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2025Article
- Reduced white matter maturation in the central auditory system of children living with HIV.Frontiers in neuroimaging · 2024Article
- Similar cortical morphometry trajectories from 5 to 9 years in children with perinatal HIV who started treatment before age 2 years and uninfected controls.BMC neuroscience · 2023Article
- Whole-brain MR spectroscopic imaging reveals regional metabolite abnormalities in perinatally HIV infected young adults.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Multimodal magnetic resonance neuroimaging measures characteristic of early cART-treated pediatric HIV: A feature selection approach.Human brain mapping · 2022Article
- Altered White Matter Tracts in the Somatosensory, Salience, Motor, and Default Mode Networks in 7-Year-Old Children Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Tractographic Analysis.Brain connectivity · 2022Article
- Accelerated epigenetic aging in adolescents living with HIV is associated with altered development of brain structures.Journal of neurovirology · 2022Article
- Multivariate approach for longitudinal analysis of brain metabolite levels from ages 5-11 years in children with perinatal HIV infection.NeuroImage · 2021Article
- Effects of perinatal HIV-infection on the cortical thickness and subcortical gray matter volumes in young adulthood.Medicine · 2021Article
- New Directions for the Consideration of HIV: Heterogeneity and the Cognition of Time.New directions for child and adolescent development · 2020Article
- Validity of automated FreeSurfer segmentation compared to manual tracing in detecting prenatal alcohol exposure-related subcortical and corpus callosal alterations in 9- to 11-year-old children.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2020Article
- MRS suggests multi-regional inflammation and white matter axonal damage at 11 years following perinatal HIV infection.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2020Article
- Brain structure of perinatally HIV-infected patients on long-term treatment: A systematic review.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2019Review
- Macrophages but not Astrocytes Harbor HIV DNA in the Brains of HIV-1-Infected Aviremic Individuals on Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2019Article
- Mapping abnormal subcortical neurodevelopment in a cohort of Thai children with HIV.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2019Article
- Propelling the Pediatric HIV Therapeutic Agenda With Science, Innovation, and Collaboration.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Article
- Altered brain morphometry in 7-year old HIV-infected children on early ART.Metabolic brain disease · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Sub-Saharan Africa is home to 90% of HIV infected (HIV+) children. Since the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV/AIDS has transitioned to a chronic condition where central nervous system (CNS) damage may be ongoing. Although, most guidelines recommend early ART to reduce CNS viral reservoirs, the brain may be more vulnerable to potential neurotoxic effects of ART during the rapid development phase in the first years of life. Here we investigate differences in subcortical volumes between 5-year-old HIV+ children who received early ART (before age 18 months) and uninfected children using manual tracing of Magnetic Resonance Images. Participants included 61 Xhosa children (43 HIV+/18 uninfected, mean age = 5.4 ± 0.3 years, 25 male) from the children with HIV early antiretroviral (CHER) trial; 27 children initiated ART before 12 weeks of age (ART-Before12Wks) and 16 after 12 weeks (ART-After12Wks). Structural images were acquired on a 3T Allegra MRI in Cape Town and manually traced using MultiTracer. Volumetric group differences (HIV+ vs. uninfected; ART-Before12Wks vs. ART-After12Wks) were examined for the caudate, nucleus accumbens (NA), putamen (Pu), globus pallidus (GP), and corpus callosum (CC), as well as associations within infected children of structure volumes with age at ART initiation and CD4/CD8 as a proxy for immune health. HIV+ children had significantly larger NA and Pu volumes bilaterally and left GP volumes than controls, whilst CC was smaller. Bilateral Pu was larger in both treatment groups compared to controls, while left GP and bilateral NA were enlarged only in ART-After12Wks children. CC was smaller in both treatment groups compared to controls, and smaller in ART-After12Wks compared to ART-Before12Wks. Within infected children, delayed ART initiation was associated with larger Pu volumes, effects that remained significant when controlling for sex and duration of treatment interruption (left β = 0.447,
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